高血圧におけるナトリウムとカリウムに関する介入に遺伝学を用いる
William R Reay1,2, Erin Clarke3,4, Shaun Eslick3
1Schools of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy (W.R.R., R.J.S., M.J.C.), The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, Australia.
Circulation
|December 22, 2023
まとめ
ナトリウムとカリウムの摂取に関連する遺伝的リスクは,食事の変化に対する血圧 (BP) の反応に影響します. この遺伝的要素を理解することで 高血圧の治療を 個別化し より良い結果を得ることができます
科学分野:
- 心血管遺伝学
- 栄養ゲノミクス
- 精密医療
背景:
- 高血圧は心臓血管疾患の主要な危険因子であり,しばしば管理が困難です.
- 食事による介入は血圧を下げることができますが,個々の反応は大きく異なります.
- 遺伝的要因は血圧の遺伝性に寄与し,治療反応の異質性を説明する可能性がある.
研究 の 目的:
- 血圧 (BP) の遺伝的傾向が,ナトリウム減少とカリウム増加から最も恩恵を受ける個人を特定できるかどうかを調査する.
- 食事中の電解質とBPの遺伝的リスクスコアの間の遺伝子環境相互作用を探求する.
主な方法:
- 約30万人の英国バイオバンクデータを 横断的に利用した.
- 摂取のバイオマーカーとして測定された血圧と尿中の電解質 (ナトリウム,カリウム)
- ナトリウム/カリウム経路に関連したBPの生物学的指向の遺伝子スコアを構成し,全ゲノムスコアと比較した.
主要な成果:
- 遺伝的リスクと尿中の電解質は BP と無関係に相関しています
- 尿中のナトリウム摂取量の増加は,ナトリウム/カリウム経路における遺伝的リスクが高い個体において,より大きな血圧上昇を示した.
- この相互作用は有意であった (P=1. 95×10−3),尿中のナトリウムにおけるSD毎の静脈血圧上昇は上位10%対下位10%の遺伝的リスクグループで1. 47mmHg対0. 97mmHgであった.
結論:
- ナトリウムとカリウムの経路における遺伝的リスクは,高血圧管理のための精密医療を可能にします.
- この遺伝情報は 食事の介入を より効果的に 導くのに役立ちます
- これらの発見を検証するために,さらなる介入研究が推奨されます.
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