氷河期後の西ユーラシアの集団ゲノム
Morten E Allentoft1,2, Martin Sikora3, Alba Refoyo-Martínez4
1Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. morten.allentoft@curtin.edu.au.
Nature
|January 10, 2024
まとめ
古代ヒトゲノム配列解析は ユーラシア西部のゲノム分裂を明らかにしました ヤムナヤの拡大を含む移住は,大きな人口転移を引き起こし,大陸全体の遺伝的多様性を再構築した.
科学分野:
- パレオゲノミクス
- 人間 の 進化
- 人口遺伝学
背景:
- 西ユーラシアはホロセーン全体で重要な人間の移住を経験しました.
- これらの移動の遺伝的影響を理解することは 人口の歴史を再構築するために不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- ユーラシアにおけるホロセンのヒトの移住による大陸間遺伝子の影響を調査する.
- 中石器時代と新石器時代の古代ゲノムを分析し,人口動態を特定する.
主な方法:
- 北欧アジアと西欧アジアから 317の古代ゲノムを解析した.
- 公開されたデータで1600以上の二重体型遺伝子型を生成する.
- ゲノムデータを分析し,祖先のシフトと親族関係を特定する.
主要な成果:
- 黒海とバルト海の間には"大きな分裂"という ゲノム的な境界が特定されました
- 中石器時代の人口は,この境界の東と西で遺伝的に異なっていた.
- ネオリチゼーションは,西側では祖先の置き換えが,東側では起こらなかった.
- ヤムナヤ族の祖先は,紀元前5000年頃に広がり,ユーラシア全体で第二の大規模な人口流通を引き起こした.
- 中東の狩猟採集者たちがヤムナヤ族に祖先をもたらした.
結論:
- 古代の移住は ユーラシアの遺伝的多様性に大きな影響を与えた.
- ヤムナヤの拡大は西ユーラシアの遺伝的景観を再構成する上で重要な役割を果たした.
- 異なる中石器時代の人口と新石器時代への差異的な反応は,初期のユーラシアの遺伝構造を形成した.
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