スピーチと言語の遅延および障害に対するスクリーニング:米国の予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明

, Michael J Barry¹, Wanda K Nicholson²

¹Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

JAMA

|January 23, 2024

まとめ

現状の証拠は,症状のない幼い子供におけるスピーチと言語の遅延のためのスクリーニングの利益と害を決定するのに不十分です. これらの発達障害の早期発見と介入戦略を導き出すにはもっと研究が必要です

科学分野:

小児科
発達心理学
公衆衛生

背景:

言語障害は子どもの学習や読み書きに影響を及ぼします
早期発見は介入に不可欠です

研究の目的:

5歳以下の子どものスピーチと言語の遅延に対するスクリーニングの利益と害を評価する.
予防サービスに関するガイドライン

主な方法:

米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) が委託した体系的なレビュー.
親や臨床医の懸念がない5歳未満の無症状の子供に焦点を当てた.

主要な成果:

スクリーニングの利益と害のバランスを評価するには,証拠は不十分です.
普遍的なスクリーニングの有効性やリスクに関する決定的な結論は得られていない.

結論:

USPSTFは,無症状の子供のスクリーニングに十分な証拠が見つかりませんでした.
幼児のスピーチと言語の発達のためのスクリーニングガイドラインを確立するには,さらなる研究が必要です.

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