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関連する概念動画

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

2.8K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
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Major Hormones and Their Functions01:27

Major Hormones and Their Functions

394
Hormones, the biochemical messengers produced by endocrine glands, are pivotal in regulating bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. Each hormone's balance is crucial; imbalances can lead to significant physiological disruptions. Major hormones include oxytocin, cortisol, epinephrine, estrogen, testosterone, thyroxine, growth hormone, insulin, and glucagon.
Oxytocin, produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, plays a role in social bonding, childbirth, and...
394
Increased pulse rate01:17

Increased pulse rate

667
Tachycardia is a condition marked by an abnormally fast or irregular heart rate, surpassing the typical resting rate. In adults, tachycardia is characterized by a pulse rate ranging from 100 to 180 beats per minute. The increased heart rate can result in inadequate blood flow to various body parts, ultimately diminishing the oxygen supply to organs and tissues.
Many factors can elevate the risk of developing tachycardia. These include advanced age, a family history of arrhythmias, and an...
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Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

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Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
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Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
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Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

617

甲状腺機能障害

Layal Chaker1, David S Cooper2, John P Walsh3

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|January 26, 2024
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

甲状腺毒性症 または 甲状腺 活動 過剰 は,様々 な 症状 を もたらす. 診断には 甲状腺ホルモンのレベルと 抗体検査が含まれており 薬,放射性ヨウ素,手術などの治療法があります

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Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
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Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

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Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
05:41

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Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
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An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
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科学分野:

  • 内分泌学
  • 内科 医学

背景:

  • 甲状腺毒性症には,甲状腺機能低下 (甲状腺ホルモンの過剰合成) と甲状腺炎 (甲状腺炎) が含まれる.
  • 常見の原因には,甲状腺症に対するグラブス病と毒性結節性,甲状腺炎に対する自己免疫的またはウイルス性要因が含まれます.

研究 の 目的:

  • 甲状腺毒性症の診断方法と治療戦略を概説する.
  • 甲状腺症と甲状腺炎を,臨床表現と診断マーカーに基づいて区別する.

主な方法:

  • 診断は,抑制された甲状腺刺激ホルモン (TSH) レベルと増加したフリーチロキシンとトライヨドチロニンに依存します.
  • さらに評価は,臨床評価,TSH受容体抗体の検出,および放射性核素甲状腺シンチグラフィを含む.
  • 治療方法には,甲状腺炎に対する抗甲状腺薬,放射性ヨウ素,甲状腺切除術,甲状腺炎に対する症状治療またはグルココルチコイド治療が含まれます.

主要な成果:

  • 甲状腺機能過剰症は甲状腺ホルモンのレベルが上昇し,亜臨床的甲状腺機能過剰症は,抑制されたTSHにもかかわらず正常なレベルを示します.
  • グレイブス 病 は しばしば 抗甲状腺 薬 で 治療 さ れ ます が,有毒 な 結節 や は 放射性 ヨウ素 や 手術 を 好む か も しれ ませ ん.
  • 長期の抗甲状腺薬療法は,グレイヴス病と毒性結節性で支持されています.

結論:

  • 甲状腺毒性の正確な診断には,TSH,甲状腺ホルモン,および特定の抗体を評価する必要があります.
  • 治療の選択は,根本的な原因,患者因子,および疾患の重症度によって異なります.
  • 甲状腺症と甲状腺炎の両方に有効な管理戦略があり,患者のアウトカムを改善します.