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関連する概念動画

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

23.9K
An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

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Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

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Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Theory of Metallic Conduction01:17

Theory of Metallic Conduction

1.3K
The conduction of free electrons inside a conductor is best described by quantum mechanics. However, a classical model makes predictions close to the results of quantum mechanics. It is called the theory of metallic conduction.
In this theory, Newton's second law of motion is used to determine the acceleration of an electron in the presence of an applied electric field. Then, its velocity is expressed via this acceleration.
An electron moves through the crystal, containing positive ions,...
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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リチウム超伝導を実現するための無形オキシハリド物質

Shumin Zhang1, Feipeng Zhao1, Lo-Yueh Chang2

  • 1Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B9, Canada.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 29, 2024
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

ハライド固体電解質 (SE) の無形成分は,全固体電池 (ASSB) の高速イオン伝導に不可欠である. 酸素をジルコニウムベースのハライドSEに組み込むと,イオン伝導性とバッテリーの性能を高める無形構造が生まれます.

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 電気化学
  • 固体化学

背景:

  • ハリド基の固体電解質 (SE) は,イオン伝導性と電気化学的安定性により,完全固体電池 (ASSB) に有望である.
  • ハライドSE,特にリチウムイオン伝導における無形成分の役割は,まだ十分に研究されていない.

研究 の 目的:

  • 機械化学的に準備されたハライドSEにおける無形成分の一般的な存在と影響を調査する.
  • 変形期における局所化学と急速なリチウムイオン移動の関係を解明する.
  • Zr基ハリドSEの無形化と性質に対する酸素の組み込みの影響を探求する.

主な方法:

  • ハライドSEのメカノケミカル製剤
  • 構造分析のためのX線吸収光譜 (XAS)
  • ペア分布関数 (PDF) の分析
  • リバース・モンテカルロ (RMC) モデリング
  • イオン伝導性の測定

主要な成果:

  • アモルフな成分は,機械化学的に合成されたハライドSEに多く存在し,急速なリチウムイオン輸送に関連しています.
  • ZrベースのハリドSE (例えば,Li3ZrCl4O1.5) に酸素を組み込むと,角を共有するZr-O/Cl多面体が形成される.
  • このユニークな無形構造は,リチウムイオン輸送エネルギーバリアを大幅に低下させ,25 °Cでイオン伝導率 (1.35 ± 0.07) × 10^-3 S cm^-1を達成します.
  • 酸素の組み込みによる無形化も,機械的変形性と電気化学的性能を改善する.

結論:

  • アモルフな相の存在と特異的な局所化学は,ハライドSEにおけるリチウムイオン伝導を最適化するために重要である.
  • 酸素の組み込みは,ASSBのイオン伝導性,機械的特性,電気化学的性能を高めるアモルフハリドSEを設計するための実行可能な戦略を提供します.
  • この研究は,高性能ASSBのための高度なハリドSEの合理的な設計のための基本的な洞察を提供します.