植物プラスチドでコードされたRNAポリメラーゼの構造
Ángel Vergara-Cruces1, Ishika Pramanick1, David Pearce2
1Department of Biochemistry and Metabolism, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.
Cell
|March 1, 2024
まとめ
プラスティドでコードされたRNAポリメラーゼ (PEP) の構造は,核でコードされたPEP関連タンパク質 (PAP) が複合体を安定させ,転写中にDNAと相互作用することを明らかにする. これはクロロプラストの遺伝子発現と植物の適応に関する洞察を提供します.
科学分野:
- 分子生物学
- 植物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- 光合成に不可欠なクロロプラストの遺伝子は,プラスティドにコードされたRNAポリメラーゼ (PEP) によって転写される.
- PEPは,機能が不明であるPEP関連タンパク質 (PAP) を含む,プラスチドと核をコードするサブユニットの複合体である.
- PAPはPEPの活動とクロロプラストの発達に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- PEP機能の構造的基礎とクロロプラストの転写におけるPAPの役割を解明する.
- 本来のPEPとその転写延長複合体の高解像度冷凍電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) 構造を提示する.
主な方法:
- 構造を決定するために,冷凍電子顕微鏡 (cryo-EM) が使用されました.
- ホワイト・マスタード (Sinapis alba) のネイティブ21サブユニットPEPとPEP転写延長複合体の分析
主要な成果:
- PAPは,コア PEPポリメラーゼと広範に相互作用し,複合組成と安定性を高めます.
- PAPは,転写延長中に下流DNAと新生mRNAと接触する.
- PEPサブユニットの詳細な構造は,スーパーオキシドディスミュータゼ,リシンメチルトランスファーゼ,チオレドキシン,アミノ酸リガゼ酵素を含むことが明らかになった.
結論:
- この研究は,クロロプラストの転写におけるPEPの構造と機能のメカニズム的理解を提供します.
- これらの発見は,クロロプラストの遺伝子発現が植物の成長と適応にどのように影響するかを理解するための基礎を築いています.
関連する概念動画
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
24.2K
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
24.2K
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
29.5K
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
29.5K
Transcription Initiation
16.4K
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
16.4K
Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
13.2K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
13.2K
The Replisome
33.5K
DNA replication is carried out by a large complex of proteins that act in a coordinated matter to achieve high-fidelity DNA replication. Together this complex is known as the DNA replication machinery or the replisome.
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
The synthesis of the leading and lagging strands is a highly coordinated process. To explain this, the “Trombone model” was proposed by Bruce Alberts in 1980. The DNA loop formation starts when a primer is synthesized on the parent lagging strand. The loop grows with...
33.5K
Bacterial Transcription
28.2K
RNA polymerase (RNAP) carries out DNA-dependent RNA synthesis in both bacteria and eukaryotes. Bacteria do not have a membrane-bound nucleus. So, transcription and translation occur simultaneously, on the same DNA template.
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
Transcription can be divided into three main stages, each involving distinct DNA sequences to guide the polymerase. These are:
28.2K


