関連する実験動画

Updated: Jul 1, 2025

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Determining the Role of Maternally-Expressed Genes in Early Development with Maternal Crispants

Published on: December 21, 2021

プロファージのタンパク質は,発達中の精子の長い非コーディングRNAとDNAを変化させ,父親による致死性を誘発する

Rupinder Kaur^1,2,3, Angelina McGarry^1,2, J Dylan Shropshire^3,4

¹Pennsylvania State University, Departments of Biology and Entomology, University Park, PA 16802, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|March 7, 2024

まとめ

ヴォルバキアのプロファージタンパク質CifAとCifBは,ドロソフィラの精子の長いノンコーディングRNAとDNAを変化させ,細胞プラズマ不適合性 (CI) を通して胚の致死性を引き起こします. これは昆虫の進化と媒介者の制御に影響を与える重要な共生メカニズムを示しています

科学分野:

分子生物学
遺伝学
進化生物学

背景:

プロファージタンパク質と真核性マクロ分子との相互作用は十分に理解されていません.
ヴォルバキア・エンドシンビオントは,細胞プラズマ不適合性 (CI) のようなメカニズムを通して宿主の繁殖に影響を与えます.

研究の目的:

ヴォルバキアのプロファージタンパク質CifAとCifBがドロソフィラの精子の発達に影響する分子機構を調査し,CIを確立する.
精子形成過程における長い非コーディングRNA (lncRNA) とDNAの変化におけるCifAとCifBの役割を解明する.

主な方法:

リボヌクレアゼ (RNase) とデオキシリボヌクレアゼ (DNase) として機能するCifAおよびCifBタンパク質の分析.
CifAとCifBがドロソフィラの精子のlncRNAレベルとDNAの整合性に与える影響を調査する.
lncRNAのノックダウンとミュータジェネシスを利用して,分子変化をCIとリンクする.

主要な成果:

CifA (RNase) はヒストンからプロタミンへの移行に不可欠な精子細胞のIncRNAを枯渇させる.
CifAとCifB (DNase) は,後期精子形成中にDNA損傷を誘導する.
lncRNAの枯渇はCIを悪化させ分子変化は胚のDNA損傷と相関する

結論:

プロファージのタンパク質CifAとCifBは,ゲメトゲネシス中に真核の大分子 (lncRNAとDNA) と直接相互作用する.
これらの相互作用は,昆虫の進化にとって根本的な共生である細胞質の不適合性を確立するために不可欠です.
これらのメカニズムの理解は昆虫の媒介者制御戦略に影響を及ぼします

さらに関連する動画

Phosphopeptide Analysis of Rodent Epididymal Spermatozoa

Phosphopeptide Analysis of Rodent Epididymal Spermatozoa

Published on: December 30, 2014

Application of Mouse Parthenogenetic Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells as a Substitute of Sperm

Application of Mouse Parthenogenetic Haploid Embryonic Stem Cells as a Substitute of Sperm

Published on: November 19, 2020

関連する概念動画

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Genomic Imprinting and Inheritance

Diploid organisms inherit genetic material through chromosomes from both parents. Copies of the same gene are known as alleles. In most cases, both alleles are simultaneously expressed and allow various cellular processes to function optimally. If one of the alleles is missing or mutated, the expression of the other allele can compensate; however, this is not true for all genes.
The expression of some genes depends on which parent passed the gene to the offspring, through a phenomenon known as...

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic Regulation

Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...

Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...