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Molecular and Ionic Solids02:54

Molecular and Ionic Solids

17.1K
Crystalline solids are divided into four types: molecular, ionic, metallic, and covalent network based on the type of constituent units and their interparticle interactions.
Molecular Solids
Molecular crystalline solids, such as ice, sucrose (table sugar), and iodine, are solids that are composed of neutral molecules as their constituent units. These molecules are held together by weak intermolecular forces such as London dispersion forces, dipole-dipole interactions, or hydrogen bonds, which...
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Ionic Bonds00:42

Ionic Bonds

118.4K
Overview
When atoms gain or lose electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration they form ions. Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between ions with opposite charges. Ionic compounds are rigid and brittle when solid and may dissociate into their constituent ions in water. Covalent compounds, by contrast, remain intact unless a chemical reaction breaks them.
Opposing Charges Hold Ions Together in Ionic Compounds
Ionic bonds are reversible electrostatic interactions between ions...
118.4K
Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

41.5K
Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
41.5K
Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

14.7K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
14.7K
Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

1.5K
The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
1.5K
Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions02:21

Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions

63.0K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
63.0K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 30, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications

Published on: August 12, 2013

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イオンホップは無機固体電解質にどの程度関係しているのでしょうか?

Cibrán López1,2,3, Riccardo Rurali3, Claudio Cazorla1,2

  • 1Departament de Física, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|March 18, 2024
PubMed
まとめ

監視されていないクラスタリングは,固体電解質 (SSE) で頻繁に多くのイオン相関を明らかにし,イオン拡散に影響を与えます. 高度な相互作用を理解することは,高度なSSE素材を設計する上で鍵となるものです.

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature

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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding

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Synthesis of Ionic Liquid Based Electrolytes, Assembly of Li-ion Batteries, and Measurements of Performance at High Temperature
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From Molecules to Materials: Engineering New Ionic Liquid Crystals Through Halogen Bonding
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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 固体化学
  • コンピュータ材料科学

背景:

  • 固体電解質 (SSE) のイオン輸送を理解することは,先進的なバッテリー技術にとって極めて重要です.
  • SSEにおける拡散イベント中のイオン調整の程度は,まだ十分に理解されていません.
  • この理解の欠如は,SSE素材の合理的な設計と最適化を妨げています.

研究 の 目的:

  • イオン・ホッピング・イベントと相関を特定するために,新しい無監督 k-means クラスタリングアプローチを開発し,適用する.
  • 初期分子動力学 (MD) のデータを用いて,様々な無機SSEファミリーにおけるこれらの相関を分析する.
  • イオン調整と高速イオン拡散の関係を解明する.

主な方法:

  • イオンジャンプを検出するために k-meansクラスタリングアルゴリズムを使用した.
  • 非有機的なSSEの大規模なMDデータベースにこの方法を適用した.
  • 数百万のイオン構成を分析して 複数イオン相関を特定した

主要な成果:

  • 高度 (n > 2) のイオン相関は,SSEにおける2体相互作用よりも頻繁である.
  • 協調した移動イオンの確率について,一般的な指数分解法が特定された.
  • LiベースのSSEでは,温度に関係なく平均10 ± 5の相関イオンが観察されました.
  • 急速イオン拡散は,頻度や滞在時間ではなく,ジャンプの長さと正に相関しています.

結論:

  • 多イオン相関は,SSEにおけるイオン拡散に大きな影響を与える.
  • 開発されたクラスタリングアプローチは,イオンダイナミクスを分析するための新しいツールを提供します.
  • これらの相関を無視すると,イオンホッピングの頻度が過大評価され,材料の性能予測に影響を与える可能性があります.