小児虐待を防止するためのプライマリケア介入:米国予防サービスタスクフォースのための証拠報告と体系的なレビュー
Meera Viswanathan1,2, Caroline Rains1,2, Laura C Hart3,4
1RTI International-University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Evidence-based Practice Center.
JAMA
|March 19, 2024
まとめ
幼児虐待の報告や移送を防ぐのに 重要な効果は示されていない. 潜在的な害と社会的な決定因子の予防努力への影響を調べるためにさらなる研究が必要である.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 小児科
- 予防 医療
背景:
- 子供 を 虐待 する の は 身体 的,心理 的,行動 的 に 深刻な 結果 を もたらし ます.
- 児童虐待を特定し防止するには 介護施設が不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 児童虐待防止のための初等ケア可能な介入に関する証拠をレビューする.
- 予防サービス・タスクフォースの勧告を参考にすること.
主な方法:
- 18歳までのランダム化臨床試験 (RCT) の体系的レビュー
- 英語で出版された研究も含め,データ抽出とメタ分析も必要に応じて実施した.
- パブ・メドや コクラン・ライブラリや 臨床試験の記録を調べました
主要な成果:
- 25のRCT (14,355人の参加者) が含まれており,23のRCTには家庭訪問が含まれていた.
- 児童保護サービスへの報告や 児童の移送では 重要な差異は認められなかった.
- 緊急診療所と入院などの他のアウトカムに関する証拠は限られたか不確実であり,有害性に関するデータは最小限であった.
結論:
- 現状の証拠によると プライマリケアによる介入は 児童虐待を大幅に 減らすことはできません
- スクリーニングと報告の慣行は,バイアスの可能性があり,異なります.
- 健康の社会的決定因子への対処は 効果的な予防に重要かもしれません
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