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Updated: Jun 29, 2025
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Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
Published on: February 2, 2020
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口腔 の 一般 的 な 病気: 概要
Eric T Stoopler1, Alessandro Villa2, Mohammed Bindakhil3,4
1Penn Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
JAMA
|March 26, 2024
まとめ
口の乾燥,口腔カンジドーシス,口腔潰瘍は,生活の質に影響を与える一般的な口腔の問題です. ファーストラインの治療には,OTCのシアラゴグ,局所用抗菌剤,局所用コルチコステロイドが含まれ,持続的な症例では全身的な選択肢があります.
科学分野:
- 口腔医学
- 皮膚科
- 感染症
背景:
- 口の乾燥,口腔カンジドーシス,再発性口腔潰瘍は,大きな不快感と生活の質の低下を引き起こす一般的な口腔疾患です.
- これらの状態は,薬剤使用,放射線治療,免疫抑制,栄養不足,およびシェーグレン病やセリアック病のような全身疾患を含む様々な要因に関連しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 口腔乾燥,口腔カンジダ症,再発性口腔潰瘍の流行,危険因子,管理戦略をレビューする.
- これらの一般的な口腔疾患の早期診断と適切な治療の重要性を強調する.
主な方法:
- 乾燥口の流行に関する26の集団ベースのコホートと横断的な研究のメタ分析.
- 口の乾燥と口腔カンジダシスリスクに関する6つの観察コホートに関するメタ分析.
- 遺伝的要因,栄養不足,再発性口腔炎の全身的関連を調べた症例対照試験のメタ分析.
主要な成果:
- 口腔乾燥症の全般的な罹患率は23%で,口腔カンジドーシスのリスクは11. 5%増加する.
- 口腔カンジダは免疫抑制状態の個人に多く見られ,抗生物質の使用に関連しています.
- 再発性アフトス・ストマチーシスは,特定の遺伝子ポリモルフィズム,栄養不足 (B12,葉酸,フェリチン),および腹症に関連しています.
結論:
- 口の乾燥,口腔カンジダ症,口腔潰瘍の効果的な治療は,患者の健康にとって極めて重要です.
- ファーストラインの治療には,OTCのシアラゴグ,局所用抗真菌薬,および局所用コルチコステロイドが含まれます.
- 初期治療に反応しない口腔疾患では全身用薬が必要になる可能性があります.
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