骨髄性バイアスの血液形成性幹細胞を枯渇させ,老化した免疫を若返らせる
Jason B Ross1,2,3,4, Lara M Myers5, Joseph J Noh1,2
1Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nature
|March 28, 2024
まとめ
老いたマウスの骨髄バイアス型造血幹細胞 (my-HSCs) を除去すると,免疫系が若返る. この介入により 免疫細胞の若さを取り戻し 適応免疫力を高め 治療の可能性が生まれます
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- ヘマトポエシス
- 老化に関する研究
背景:
- 免疫系の老化は,リンパ分裂と適応免疫が低下し,炎症と骨髄病変が増加します.
- 均衡された出力 (bal-HSCs) よりも,ミエロイドバイアス出力 (my-HSCs) を好む,血液形成性幹細胞 (HSCs) の年齢関連のシフトが,これらの変化を誘発する.
- bal-HSCsとmy-HSCsの起源と相互変換は不明であり,治療介入の課題となっている.
研究 の 目的:
- 高齢マウスの my-HSCsを排除することで,年齢に関連する免疫低下を逆転させることができるかどうかを調査する.
- 免疫細胞の減少が老いたマウスの免疫細胞集団と機能に与える影響を評価する.
- 免疫再活性化のための 標的となる可能性を探るためだ
主な方法:
- 高齢マウスの my-HSCsの抗体媒介による減少.
- 常見リンパ球原産体,ナイヴT細胞,B細胞を含む免疫細胞集団の分析.
- 治療後のウイルス感染に対する適応免疫反応の評価
主要な成果:
- 年老いたマウスの my-HSCsの減少は,若々しい免疫特性を回復させた.
- 常見リンパ球原細胞,ナイブT細胞,B細胞の割合が増加した.
- ウイルスの感染に対する適応免疫反応は,my- HSCの減少後に有意に改善された.
結論:
- ミー-HSCの標的型除去は,マウスの免疫老化の重要な側面を逆転させることができます.
- HSCのバランスを取り戻すと 免疫系が若返り 機能能力が向上します
- これらの発見は,my-HSCの優位性が免疫衰老に寄与し,介入の標的となる可能性があることを示唆している.
関連する概念動画
Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.1K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.1K
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.2K
All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
3.2K
Stem Cell Therapy for Tissue Regeneration
4.0K
Stem cell therapy is a method used in regenerative medicine to repair and restore function to damaged tissues and organs. Stem cells have the potential to proliferate and differentiate into various tissue types, making them ideal candidates for tissue regeneration. For example, hematopoietic stem cell transplants are commonly used in blood cancer treatment to replenish damaged bone marrow and restore healthy blood cells.
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
Types of Stem Cells used in Stem Cell Therapy
The two main cell...
4.0K
Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.6K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.6K
Cells of the Adaptive Immune Response
984
The T and B lymphocytes of the adaptive immune system develop from common lymphoid progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These progenitors give rise to precursors that eventually develop into both T and B lymphocytes. As these precursors mature, they gain the ability to detect and respond to foreign antigens in the body, a process known as immunocompetence. Additionally, these precursors acquire self-tolerance, a process that ensures they do not react to self-antigens. This intricate system...
984
Differentiation of Common Myeloid Progenitor Cells
3.2K
Common myeloid progenitors (CMPs) are oligopotent cells that can differentiate into granulocytes and macrophages. Granulocytes and macrophages are essential for protecting the body against bacterial, viral, or fungal infections. They migrate from the bone marrow into the circulating blood to reach specific tissue sites where they differentiate and help in immune surveillance. However, they survive only for a few days and must be continuously made available to the organism to maintain a robust...
3.2K


