α-シヌクレイン濃縮物からの中間繊維における構造-毒性関係
Serene W Chen1, Joseph D Barritt1, Roberta Cascella2
1Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 3, 2024
まとめ
研究者らは,パーキンソン病における神経変異を誘発するαSの毒性のある中間アミロイド線維を特定した. これらの中間物質は,成熟したアミロイドと構造的に生物学的に異なっており,新しい治療目標を提供しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 生物化学
- 構造生物学
背景:
- アルファシヌクレイン (αS) がアミロイド線維細胞に異常な結合することは,パーキンソン病のような神経変性疾患の特徴である.
- 成熟したαSアミロイドの構造的特徴は知られていますが,一時的な集積介質は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- αS集積で形成される中間アミロイド線維の構造と性質を特徴付ける.
- これらの中間物質を成熟したアミロイドと比較し,細胞毒性および膜結合におけるそれらの役割を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 固体核磁気共振 (ssNMR)
- 冷凍電子顕微鏡 (冷凍EM)
- 生物物理的測定法
- ニューロン細胞による化
- 抗体の特徴
- 設計された変異体
主要な成果:
- 液体凝縮物から成熟した繊維に集積する αS の一時的なアミロイド中間物質が特徴付けられました.
- これらの中間物質は,小さな反並列βシート核と乱れたN末端領域を有し,膜結合を介し,重要な細胞毒性を誘発する.
- 成熟したアミロイドは,N端を含む再配置されたコア,低細胞毒性,および減少した膜相互作用を示す.
結論:
- この研究は,αSアミロイド中間体と成熟した繊維の構造的および機能的な違いを明らかにする.
- 中間種の膜相互作用と細胞毒性を有する主要な構造要素が特定されました.
- これらの発見は,αS媒介の神経毒性のメカニズムとパーキンソン病の潜在的な治療戦略の洞察を提供します.
さらに関連する動画
09:16Exogenous Administration of Microsomes-associated Alpha-synuclein Aggregates to Primary Neurons As a Powerful Cell Model of Fibrils Formation
Published on: June 26, 2018
7.6K
09:27Sequential Extraction of Soluble and Insoluble Alpha-Synuclein from Parkinsonian Brains
Published on: January 5, 2016
17.3K
関連する概念動画
Amyloid Fibrils
9.5K
Amyloid fibrils are aggregates of misfolded proteins. Under most circumstances, misfolded proteins are either refolded by chaperone proteins or degraded by the proteasome. However, in the case of a mutation or a disease, these proteins can accumulate to form large clusters and often further assemble to form elongated fibers, called fibrils.
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
Amyloid deposits were observed as early as 1639 in the liver and the spleen. In 1854, Rudolph Virchow performed iodine staining,...
9.5K
The Structure of Intermediate Filaments
4.0K
The intermediate filaments are one of three widely studied cytoskeletal filaments. They are so named as their diameter (10 nm) is in between that of microfilaments (7 nm) and the microtubules (25 nm). These filaments are highly stable and can remain intact when exposed to high salt concentrations and detergents. These filaments are responsible for providing stability and mechanical support to the cells. They also help in cell adhesion and maintaining tissue integrity.
Intermediate...
Intermediate...
4.0K
Formation of Intermediate Filaments
3.1K
Intermediate filaments are cytoskeletal proteins with higher tensile strength and flexibility than microfilaments and microtubules. Unlike the other two cytoskeletal proteins, intermediate filament formation lacks the enzymatic activity to hydrolyze nucleotides like ATP and GTP to generate energy for polymerization. Therefore, the formation of intermediate filaments is multistep self-assembly. The involvement of any accessory proteins in intermediate filament formation has not yet been...
3.1K
Types of Intermediate Filaments
3.7K
The intermediate filaments are an essential component of the cytoskeleton. Presently six types of intermediate filament have been identified. Type I and II are acidic and basic keratin proteins. Type III is of mesodermal origin and comprises four proteins: vimentin, desmin, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and peripherin. Vimentin is commonly found in mesenchymal cells, desmin in muscle cells, GFAP in astrocytes, while peripherin is found in peripheral nervous system neurons (PNS). Type...
3.7K
Toxic Reactions: Overview
971
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
971
