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関連する概念動画

Overview of Secretory Vesicles01:33

Overview of Secretory Vesicles

8.5K
Secretory vesicles, also known as dense core vesicles (DCVs), are membrane-bound vesicles that transport secretory proteins, such as hormones or neurotransmitters. Regulated secretory vesicles transport proteins from the trans-Golgi network to the exterior of the cell. Proteins present in regulated secretory vesicles are required to be rapidly exocytosed in large amounts upon a specific stimulus.
Various proteins regulate the aggregation of molecules inside the secretory vesicles. Chromogranins...
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Oligosaccharide Assembly01:24

Oligosaccharide Assembly

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Protein glycosylation starts in the ER lumen and continues in the Golgi apparatus. Glycosyltransferases catalyze the addition of sugar molecules or glycosylation of proteins. Usually, these enzymes add sugars to the hydroxyl groups of selected serine or threonine residues to form O-linked glycans or the amino groups of asparagine residues to form N-linked glycans. Different positions on the same polypeptide chain can contain differently linked glycans.
Multiple sugar molecules that may or may...
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Viral Structure00:56

Viral Structure

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Viruses are extraordinarily diverse in shape and size, but they all have several structural features in common. All viruses have a core that contains a DNA- or RNA-based genome. The core is surrounded by a protective coat of proteins called the capsid. The capsid is composed of subunits called capsomeres. The capsid and genome-containing core are together known as the nucleocapsid.
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Glycocalyx and its Functions01:14

Glycocalyx and its Functions

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The glycocalyx is a carbohydrate-rich, fuzzy-appearing layer on the outer surface of the cell membrane. It is highly hydrophilic, because of this it attracts large amounts of water to the cell's surface. This aids the cell's interaction with the watery environment and also helps it to obtain substances dissolved in the water. It is also important for cell identification, self/non-self determination, and embryonic development and is used in cell-to-cell attachments to form tissues.
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Conjugated Proteins02:50

Conjugated Proteins

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Simple proteins and protein complexes contain only amino acids. In contrast, many other proteins, called conjugated proteins, covalently bond with non-protein moieties.
Nucleoproteins are protein complexes that contain nucleic acids, categorized as deoxyribonucleoproteins (DNPs) or ribonucleoproteins (RNPs) respectively. The nucleosome is a typical example of a DNP where nuclear DNA is associated with histone proteins. The major antigen for the Covid-19 virus SARS-CoV is an RNP that is critical...
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Coat Assembly and GTPases01:33

Coat Assembly and GTPases

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Vesicles incorporate different coat protein subunits in different cell locations, which changes the properties of the coat, such as the shape and geometry of the transport vesicles. Thus, vesicle coat proteins also play a significant role in cargo selection.
Coat assembly depends on the local availability of phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs and GTP-binding proteins. Adaptor proteins, which link the coat proteins to the membrane, bind to these PIPs and play a crucial role in controlling...
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Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Automated Measurement of Cryptococcal Species Polysaccharide Capsule and Cell Body
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Automated Measurement of Cryptococcal Species Polysaccharide Capsule and Cell Body

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カプセルポリサッカリド分泌に関する分子洞察

Jeremi Kuklewicz1, Jochen Zimmer2,3

  • 1Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, USA.

Nature
|April 3, 2024
PubMed
まとめ

この研究は,細菌のカプセル型多糖質 (CPS) がどのように分泌されるかを明らかにしています. 構造と機能の分析では,KpsMTの輸送機は

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Looking Outwards: Isolation of Cyanobacterial Released Carbohydrate Polymers and Proteins
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Looking Outwards: Isolation of Cyanobacterial Released Carbohydrate Polymers and Proteins

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Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
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Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 29, 2025

Automated Measurement of Cryptococcal Species Polysaccharide Capsule and Cell Body
08:08

Automated Measurement of Cryptococcal Species Polysaccharide Capsule and Cell Body

Published on: January 11, 2018

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Looking Outwards: Isolation of Cyanobacterial Released Carbohydrate Polymers and Proteins
06:58

Looking Outwards: Isolation of Cyanobacterial Released Carbohydrate Polymers and Proteins

Published on: May 27, 2019

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Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking
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Monitoring the Assembly of a Secreted Bacterial Virulence Factor Using Site-specific Crosslinking

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科学分野:

  • 微生物学
  • 構造生物学
  • 生物化学

背景:

  • カプセルポリサッカリド (CPS) は,細菌の細胞包膜の重要な成分であり,共生性および病原性相互作用の両方に寄与します.
  • CPSのバイオシンセシスは,ABCトランスポーター依存の経路を含み,KpsMTトランスポーター複合体が介在する細胞外膜の分泌を伴う.

研究 の 目的:

  • グラム陰性細菌におけるカプセルポリサッカリド分泌の基礎となる分子機構を解明する.
  • CPS輸送におけるKpsMT,KpsE,およびKpsDの構造的および機能的役割を決定する.

主な方法:

  • クリオ電子顕微鏡 (Cryo-EM) で,KpsMT-KpsE複合体の構造を複数の状態で決定する.
  • 超解像度の光顕微鏡で,CPS細胞表面の組織と局所を分析する.
  • CPS分泌における特定の残留物の重要性を評価するための in vivo 機能的測定法.

主要な成果:

  • KpsMTトランスポーターは,広範囲の基板特異性を持ち,CPSを細菌内膜に転移するのに十分である.
  • Cryo-EMは,ATPの水解中にKpsEエンゲージされたABCトランスポーターとKpsMTの構造変化を明らかにした.
  • CPS分泌に不可欠なトランスポーター内の膜に曝された電陽性峡谷が特定され,基本的な残留物が重要な機能的役割を果たしました.

結論:

  • バクテリアのカプセルポリサッカリド分泌の詳細な分子モデルは,ABCトランスポーターによって提案されています.
  • 発見は,CPS輸送の構造的基礎と,細菌の細胞包膜生殖におけるその機能的意義についての洞察を提供します.
  • この研究は,細菌のポリサッカリド分泌におけるKpsMT-KpsE複合体と特定の構造的特徴の重要な役割を強調しています.