関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 28, 2025
05:33
Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
Published on: August 12, 2013
21.7K
非集積アニオンは,低温アプリケーションのための低冷水性電解質を可能にします
Qiu Zhang1, Yong Lu1, Xiaomeng Liu1
1Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 23, 2024
まとめ
研究者は,特定のアニオンを使用して -136.3 °Cまでの凍結を防ぐ新しい水性電解質を開発しました. この技術革新により 水性電池は 極めて低温でも動作し エネルギー貯蔵の安全性と性能が向上します
科学分野:
- 電気化学
- 材料科学
- エネルギー貯蔵
背景:
- 水性電池は安全で費用対効果の高いエネルギー貯蔵ソリューションを提供します.
- 水性電解質の低温凍結は 動作範囲を阻害する.
研究 の 目的:
- バッテリーの性能を向上させるための低温水性電解質を開発する.
- 電子の凍結点に対するアニオン集積の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 非集積されたCl-アニオンを使用して,高度に分散した溶解構造を達成した.
- 電解質の固まりを防ぐため,水のクラスタサイズを小さくします.
- 試験されたLiCl電解質伝導性と,零下温度でのAg/AgCl電極の安定性.
- ポリアニリンベースのバッテリーの性能を - 100 °C と - 40 °C で評価した.
主要な成果:
- 電解質は - 136. 3 °Cまで固化していない.
- -80 °Cで1.0 mS cm-1のイオン伝導性を達成した.
- -50 °Cで安定したAg/AgCl基準電極の動作が実証されている.
- ポリアニリン電池は,4000サイクルで -40 °Cで95.7%の容量保持で -100 °Cで動作した.
結論:
- アニオン集積は水性電解質の熱力学的移行に大きく影響する.
- 溶解構造を制御することによって,低温の水性電解質を設計するための新しいアプローチ.
- 大規模なエネルギー貯蔵のための水性電池の低温操作を可能にします.
関連する概念動画
02:21Electrolyte and Nonelectrolyte Solutions
62.9K
Substances that undergo either a physical or a chemical change in solution to yield ions that can conduct electricity are called electrolytes. If a substance yields ions in solution, that is, if the compound undergoes 100% dissociation, then the substance is a strong electrolyte. Complete dissociation is indicated by a single forward arrow. For example, water-soluble ionic compounds like sodium chloride dissociate into sodium cations and chloride anions in aqueous solution.
62.9K
03:08Electrolytes: van't Hoff Factor
33.1K
Colligative Properties of Electrolytes
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
The colligative properties of a solution depend only on the number, not on the identity, of solute species dissolved. The concentration terms in the equations for various colligative properties (freezing point depression, boiling point elevation, osmotic pressure) pertain to all solute species present in the solution. Nonelectrolytes dissolve physically without dissociation or any other accompanying process. Each molecule that dissolves yields one...
33.1K
02:42Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration
14.7K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
14.7K
01:09Colloidal precipitates
574
The high insolubility of some precipitates can result in an unfavorable relative supersaturation. This can lead to colloidal particles with a large surface-to-mass ratio, where adsorption is promoted. For instance, in the precipitation of silver chloride, silver ions are adsorbed on the surface of the colloidal particles, forming a primary layer. This layer attracts ions of opposite charge (such as nitrate ions), forming a diffuse secondary layer of adsorbed ions. This electric double layer...
574
03:46Qualitative Analysis
22.3K
For solutions containing mixtures of different cations, the identity of each cation can be determined by qualitative analysis. This technique involves a series of selective precipitations with different chemical reagents, each reaction producing a characteristic precipitate for a specific group of cations. Metal ions within a group are further separated by varying the pH, heating the mixture to redissolve a precipitate, or adding other reagents to form complex ions.
For instance, group IV...
For instance, group IV...
22.3K
02:54Ions as Acids and Bases
23.7K
Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
23.7K