Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Entropy02:39

Entropy

29.4K
Salt particles that have dissolved in water never spontaneously come back together in solution to reform solid particles. Moreover, a gas that has expanded in a vacuum remains dispersed and never spontaneously reassembles. The unidirectional nature of these phenomena is the result of a thermodynamic state function called entropy (S). Entropy is the measure of the extent to which the energy is dispersed throughout a system, or in other words, it is proportional to the degree of disorder of a...
29.4K
Third Law of Thermodynamics02:38

Third Law of Thermodynamics

18.8K
A pure, perfectly crystalline solid possessing no kinetic energy (that is, at a temperature of absolute zero, 0 K) may be described by a single microstate, as its purity, perfect crystallinity,and complete lack of motion means there is but one possible location for each identical atom or molecule comprising the crystal (W = 1). According to the Boltzmann equation, the entropy of this system is zero.
18.8K
Entropy Change in Reversible Processes01:10

Entropy Change in Reversible Processes

2.5K
In the Carnot engine, which achieves the maximum efficiency between two reservoirs of fixed temperatures, the total change in entropy is zero. The observation can be generalized by considering any reversible cyclic process consisting of many Carnot cycles. Thus, it can be stated that the total entropy change of any ideal reversible cycle is zero.
The statement can be further generalized to prove that entropy is a state function. Take a cyclic process between any two points on a p-V diagram.
2.5K
Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics01:20

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

2.8K
The second law of thermodynamics can be stated quantitatively using the concept of entropy. Entropy is the measure of disorder of the system.
The relation  between entropy and disorder can be illustrated with the example of the phase change of ice to water. In ice, the molecules are located at specific sites giving a solid state, whereas, in a liquid form, these molecules are much freer to move. The molecular arrangement has therefore become more randomized. Although the change in average...
2.8K
Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction03:00

Standard Entropy Change for a Reaction

20.3K
Entropy is a state function, so the standard entropy change for a chemical reaction (ΔS°rxn) can be calculated from the difference in standard entropy between the products and the reactants.
20.3K
Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

7.0K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
7.0K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Effects of intraoperative low-dose remimazolam maintenance on emergence agitation and emergence time in patients undergoing oral surgery: protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Annals of medicine·2026
Same author

Synergistic Ni and Co Doping in Manganese Oxide for Enhanced Oxygen Evolution.

Inorganic chemistry·2026
Same author

Delocalized Electronic States: The High-Shell Nitrogen Effects on Metal-Nitrogen-Carbon Catalysts.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Identification of WRKY transcription factors (TFs) in the recretohalophyte Tamarix chinensis and functional analysis of TcWRKY13 under salt stress.

Plant cell reports·2026
Same author

The 1-hour plasma glucose as a specific marker for early-phase insulin secretory defects in young adults with obesity.

Diabetes research and clinical practice·2026
Same author

A Highly Strained All-BODIPY-Based Nanohoop.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026

関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.5K

多成分ルチル酸化物の振動エントロピーの予想外の減少

Yaowen Wang1, Xinbo Li1, Jipeng Luo2

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 14, 2024
PubMed
まとめ

高エントロピー酸化物 (HEO) でしばしば見過ごされる振動エントロピーは,それらの熱安定性に大きく影響します. この研究は,多成分ルチルHEOの結晶化温度を下げる上で重要な役割を果たしていることを確認しています.

さらに関連する動画

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
06:44

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Published on: June 9, 2023

3.1K
The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance
11:47

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance

Published on: July 4, 2017

13.4K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 26, 2025

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides
09:41

Bulk and Thin Film Synthesis of Compositionally Variant Entropy-stabilized Oxides

Published on: May 29, 2018

9.5K
Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing
06:44

Tuning Oxide Properties by Oxygen Vacancy Control During Growth and Annealing

Published on: June 9, 2023

3.1K
The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance
11:47

The Effect of Interfacial Chemical Bonding in TiO2-SiO2 Composites on Their Photocatalytic NOx Abatement Performance

Published on: July 4, 2017

13.4K

科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 熱力学について
  • 固体化学

背景:

  • 高エントロピー酸化物 (HEO) は,その複雑な組成によりユニークな性質を有しています.
  • 構成エントロピーは,HEOの熱安定性の主要な要因として広く受け入れられています.
  • 振動エントロピーのHEO熱力学への貢献は,ほとんど未知のままです.

研究 の 目的:

  • 多成分ルチル酸化物における振動エントロピーの役割を体系的に調査する.
  • これらの材料の振動エントロピーをどのように影響するか決定します.
  • HEOsの結晶化温度に対する過剰な振動エントロピーの影響を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • 精密な熱容量測定は,様々な多成分ルチル酸化物で行われました.
  • 分析には,構成の乱れ,サイズ不一致,相変遷,多面形の歪みを検討した.
  • 振動エントロピーは計算され,材料の特性と相関しました.

主要な成果:

  • 振動エントロピーは,コンポーネントの乱れが増加するにつれて,均衡の予測から逸脱する.
  • すべての研究された多成分ルチル酸化物は,298.15 Kで陽性余分な振動エントロピーを示している.
  • 過剰な振動エントロピーは結晶温度を下げる重要な要因として特定されました.

結論:

  • この研究は,ルチルHEOの熱力学的景観における格子振動の重要な役割に関する最初の実験的証拠を提供します.
  • 振動エントロピーは,HEOの熱的行動と処理に影響を与える重要な要因です.
  • 振動エントロピーは,新しい多成分酸化物材料を設計するための新しい記述として利用できます.