2024年国連総会で効果的な抗生物質への持続可能なアクセスを確保する:目標に基づくアプローチ
Marc Mendelson1, Joseph A Lewnard2, Mike Sharland3
1Division of Infectious Diseases and HIV Medicine, Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 26, 2024
まとめ
抗菌剤耐性 (AMR) は世界の健康と発展を脅かしています 新しい目標は,有効な治療へのアクセスを確保し,2030年までにAMRの死亡率と人間と動物の不適切な抗生物質の使用を減らすことを目指しています.
科学分野:
- 世界保健
- 感染症
- "つの健康
背景:
- 抗菌剤耐性 (AMR) は,世界的に重大な健康危機を招き,開発目標を危うくしています.
- 効果的な抗生物質へのアクセスは 緊急の国際的行動を必要とする 重要な課題です
- 抗菌薬の有効性を維持するには 政治的なコミットメント,明確な目標,説明責任,資金が必要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 抗生物質耐性に対抗する2030年までの実行可能なグローバル目標を提案する.
- 抗生物質への普遍的なアクセスと抗生物質耐性減少のバランスをとる枠組みを提唱する.
- 責任の取れる仕組みの強化と 世界的な科学的な協力を求める.
主な方法:
- "2030年までに10-20-30"の目標の提案:抗生物質耐性による死亡率を10%,ヒトに対する抗生物質使用率を20%,動物に対する抗生物質使用率を30%削減する.
- 世界保健機関 (WHO) の アクセス・ウォッチ・リザーブ (AWARE) システムを活用して,モニタリングと評価を行う.
- 改善された感染予防,衛生,ワクチン接種などの戦略を組み込み,AMRの目標を支援します.
主要な成果:
- 提案されている"2030年までに10-20-30"という目標は野心的で実現可能なものです.
- AWAREシステムは,適切な抗生物質の使用とアクセスを定義するための枠組みを提供します.
- 統合された公衆衛生対策により 低所得者層における抗生物質使用の影響を軽減できます
結論:
- 抗生物質耐性に対処するために,国連総会で緊急の政治的意志と具体的な行動が必要である.
- 抗生物質へのアクセスと耐性に関する独立したパネルの設立は,説明責任と指針にとって極めて重要です.
- 全世界の抗生物質耐性目標を達成するには,抗生物質耐性を低減し,必要不可欠な医薬品への公平なアクセスを確保することに重点を置く調整されたアプローチが必要です.
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