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Global Climate Change01:50

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科学分野:

  • 水学
  • 気候学
  • 環境科学

背景:

  • 気候の温暖化により 寒い地域は雪から雨に変化し 積雪の動態が変化し 生態系のサービスに 影響を及ぼしています
  • 既存のモデルでは 降雪率の減少により 雪が早く溶け 流れが早まるが この反応は不確実である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 北半球全体で降雪量の減少に対する流れのタイミングの複雑な反応を調査する.
  • シンプルな"雪が少ないと 流れが早くなる"という説に 異議を唱えるのです

主な方法:

  • 1950年から2020年まで北半球全体で3049の雪の影響を受けた流域の流れ測定を分析した.
  • 積雪の割合と 流れの質量中心のタイミングの関係を調べました

主要な成果:

  • 降雪の割合が低下すると 流れのタイミングが遅くなったり 遅れたりします
  • 川の流れの反応は,雪の平均分数によって調節され,雪が多い水域は早めの流れを示し,雪の少ない水域は遅い流れを示します.
  • 川の流れの年次変動と季節の変動は,降雪の割合が減少するにつれて増加します.

結論:

  • 降雪率と流れのタイミングの関係は,これまで考えられていたよりも複雑です.
  • 雪積みの減少に伴い 季節的な流れが微妙に変化していることが示されています
  • 雪が多い地域における 気候変動に対する水文学的反応の理解を 修正する.