関連する実験動画
Updated: Jun 25, 2025

08:20
In Situ Soil Moisture Sensors in Undisturbed Soils
Published on: November 18, 2022
6.2K
雪が減る世界における流れの季節性
Juntai Han1,2, Ziwei Liu1,2, Ross Woods3
1State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering, Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Nature
|May 29, 2024
まとめ
気候の温暖化により 降水量は雪から雨に変化し 流れのタイミングに影響します シンプルなモデルとは対照的に,降雪率の減少は,積雪量に応じて,流れが進み,遅れる可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 水学
- 気候学
- 環境科学
背景:
- 気候の温暖化により 寒い地域は雪から雨に変化し 積雪の動態が変化し 生態系のサービスに 影響を及ぼしています
- 既存のモデルでは 降雪率の減少により 雪が早く溶け 流れが早まるが この反応は不確実である.
研究 の 目的:
- 北半球全体で降雪量の減少に対する流れのタイミングの複雑な反応を調査する.
- シンプルな"雪が少ないと 流れが早くなる"という説に 異議を唱えるのです
主な方法:
- 1950年から2020年まで北半球全体で3049の雪の影響を受けた流域の流れ測定を分析した.
- 積雪の割合と 流れの質量中心のタイミングの関係を調べました
主要な成果:
- 降雪の割合が低下すると 流れのタイミングが遅くなったり 遅れたりします
- 川の流れの反応は,雪の平均分数によって調節され,雪が多い水域は早めの流れを示し,雪の少ない水域は遅い流れを示します.
- 川の流れの年次変動と季節の変動は,降雪の割合が減少するにつれて増加します.
結論:
- 降雪率と流れのタイミングの関係は,これまで考えられていたよりも複雑です.
- 雪積みの減少に伴い 季節的な流れが微妙に変化していることが示されています
- 雪が多い地域における 気候変動に対する水文学的反応の理解を 修正する.
関連する概念動画
Global Climate Change
24.3K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.3K
What is Natural Selection?
115.1K
Natural selection is an evolutionary process in which individuals with survival-promoting traits reproduce at higher rates. These favorable traits become more common within a population or species. Naturally selected traits initially arise via random genetic mutations. In order for selection to occur, there must be variation within a population, the trait controlling the variation must be heritable, and there must be an evolutionary advantage for variation in the trait.
115.1K
What is Climate?
18.4K
Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
18.4K
Precipitation Processes
442
The experimental conditions in a gravimetric analysis should be optimized to maximize the particle size and purity of the obtained precipitate. Ideally, the concentration of the precipitating reagent should be low with effective stirring to maintain low relative supersaturation for the growth of large crystals. In homogeneous precipitation, the precipitant is slowly generated by a chemical reaction in the solution to avoid local reagent excesses. For example, urea decomposes gradually to...
442
Precipitation and Co-precipitation
1.8K
Precipitation and coprecipitation methods can be used to separate a mixture of ions in a solution. In qualitative inorganic analysis, ions that form sparingly soluble precipitates with the same reagent are separated based on the differences in solubility products. For example, consider the separation of Cu(II) and Fe(II) ions by precipitation as insoluble sulfides. First, copper(II) sulfide is precipitated by the addition of acidic H2S, where the dissociation of H2S is suppressed. Adding H2S...
1.8K
Threats to Biodiversity
22.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.2K

