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関連する概念動画

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming01:24

Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming

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Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
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Alternative RNA Splicing02:18

Alternative RNA Splicing

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Alternative RNA splicing is the regulated splicing of exons and introns to produce different mature mRNAs from a single pre-mRNA. Unlike in constitutive splicing where a single gene produces a single type of mRNA, alternative splicing allows an organism to produce multiple proteins from a single gene and plays an important role in protein diversity.
There are five types of alternative RNA splicing that vary in the ways the pre-mRNA segments are removed or retained in the mature mRNA. The first...
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Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming01:29

Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming

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Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
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Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells01:32

Chromatin Modification in iPS Cells

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Chromatin modification alters gene expression; therefore, scientists can add histone-modifying enzymes, histone variants, and chromatin remodeling complexes to somatic cells to aid reprogramming into pluripotent stem (iPS) cells.
Compact chromatin makes reprogramming difficult. Enzymes, such as histone demethylases and acetyltransferases, are often added during reprogramming to loosen the chromatin, making the DNA more accessible to transcription factors. Molecules that inhibit histone...
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Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:19

Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

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The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
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Combinatorial Gene Control02:33

Combinatorial Gene Control

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Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 24, 2025

RNA-based Reprogramming of Human Primary Fibroblasts into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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spliceosomal repression を通してヒト細胞のトーティポテンシーを捕獲する

Shiyu Li1, Min Yang1, Hui Shen1

  • 1MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Differentiation, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.

Cell
|June 6, 2024
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は幹細胞を再プログラムすることで,ヒトのトチポテントブラストメア型細胞 (hTBLC) を培養した. これらのhTBLCは初期の人間の発達を模倣し,ブラストシストのような構造を形成し,トーティポテンシーに関する洞察を提供します.

キーワード:
ZGAのような細胞ブラストシストのような構造ブラストメア多能性があるスプライシング阻害幹細胞培養トートポテンシートチポテントのブラストメア型細胞ジゴティックゲノム活性化

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Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 24, 2025

RNA-based Reprogramming of Human Primary Fibroblasts into Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
11:38

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Published on: November 26, 2018

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Exploring Sequence Space to Identify Binding Sites for Regulatory RNA-Binding Proteins
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A Reporter Based Cellular Assay for Monitoring Splicing Efficiency
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科学分野:

  • 発達生物学
  • 幹細胞生物学
  • 遺伝学

背景:

  • 胞子分裂から生成されるトチポテンツブレストomereは,胞子ゲノム活性化 (ZGA) を通して人間の発達を開始するために不可欠です.
  • ヒト細胞のトーティポテンシをインビトロで維持することは大きな課題です.
  • 8細胞型細胞 (8CLCs) のような既存のモデルは,完全複製のトーティポテンシーに制限があります.

研究 の 目的:

  • ヒトのトーティポテントブラストメア型細胞 (hTBLC) の培養方法を確立する.
  • これらの新しいhTBLCの特性と開発可能性を調査する.
  • ヒト細胞のトーティポテンシーを達成し理解するための基準と洞察を提供する.

主な方法:

  • ZGAのような細胞 (ZLC) を生成するために,スプライシング阻害を用いてヒトの多能幹細胞を再プログラムする.
  • 安定したhTBLCを確立するためにZLCを長期に渡す.
  • 多能性およびZGA特有の遺伝子を含む遺伝子発現プロフィールの特徴付け.
  • hTBLCの微分化可能性を in vitroで評価する.

主要な成果:

  • スプライシング阻害は一時的にZLCを生成し,長時間培養後にhTBLCに安定した.
  • ZLCとhTBLCの両方が多能遺伝子の広範な静止を示した.
  • ZLCはZGA特異遺伝子を活性化させ,hTBLCはZGA前遺伝子の強化を示した.
  • hTBLCはヒトの植入前の発達を成功裏に再現し,エピブラスト (EPI),プリミティブエンドダーム (PrE),トロフェクトダーム (TE) のような系統を生成しました.
  • hTBLCは,胚性および胚外的な発達能力の両方を示し,自律的にブラストシストのような構造を in vitro で形成した.

結論:

  • この研究では,ヒトのトチポテントブラストメア型細胞 (hTBLC) を成功裏に特定し,特徴づけました.
  • hTBLCは,ヒトの全能力と早期発達の研究に役立つモデルです.
  • この発見は,ヒト細胞の全能性を達成し理解するための重要な洞察と基準を提供します.