肥満はマクロファージにPD-1を誘導し,抗腫瘍免疫を抑制する
Jackie E Bader1, Melissa M Wolf1, Gian Luca Lupica-Tondo1
1Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Nature
|June 12, 2024
まとめ
肥満は腫瘍関連マクロファージ (TAMs) のPD-1発現を誘導し,抗腫瘍免疫を低下させる. PD- 1を阻害すると,マクロファージの代謝とT細胞の活性化が促進され,肥満患者のがん免疫療法への反応が改善されます.
科学分野:
- 免疫学
- 腫瘍学
- メタボリズム
背景:
- 肥満は癌の進行と転移の主要な危険因子です.
- 逆説的に言えば 肥満は抗PD-1のような 免疫チェックポイント阻害療法に対する 生存率と反応を 改善します
- 肥満とがんの関連性や 免疫療法における 免疫系の役割は 完全に理解されていません
研究 の 目的:
- 肥満に起因する癌における腫瘍関連マクロファージ (TAMs) に起因するプログラム細胞死タンパク質1 (PD-1) の役割を調査する.
- 肥満がTAMにおけるPD-1発現に影響を与えるメカニズムとその機能的結果を解明する.
- 肥満に関連した癌におけるPD-1阻害の治療の可能性を調査する.
主な方法:
- 肥満に関連する炎症性サイトカインと代謝因子 (インターフェロン-γ,TNF,レプチン,インスリン,パルミテート) を使ってマクロファージのPD- 1発現を誘導する.
- mTORC1と糖分解を含むPD-1信号経路の評価
- TAM機能の分析, glycolysis,ファゴシトーシス,およびT細胞刺激能力を含む.
- 腫瘍の成長,免疫細胞の活動,および筋疲労マーカーの評価
主要な成果:
- 肥満は選択的にmTORC1と糖分分解によってTAMsのPD-1発現を誘導した.
- TAMsのPD-1は,その糖分解,ファゴサイトーシス,T細胞活性化ポテンシャルを抑制した.
- PD-1阻害はTAMの糖分分解と抗原の表現を高め,T細胞の活性化を促進した.
- 骨髄特異性PD-1欠乏症は腫瘍の成長を低下させ,抗腫瘍免疫を強めた.
結論:
- 肥満に関連した代謝および炎症信号は,TAMにおけるPD-1発現を誘導する.
- このPD-1の発現は 腫瘍の免疫監視を 損なうフィードバックループを 生み出します
- 肥満患者のがん免疫療法を改善するための潜在的な戦略を提示しています.
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