オペラントブラディカルディアの上から下への脳回路
Airi Yoshimoto1, Shota Morikawa2, Eriko Kato1
1Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
まとめ
ネズミはバイオフィードバックを使って心拍数 (HR) を自発的に制御することを学び,HRを大幅に減らし,不安を軽減するなどの長期的な利益を得ました. 前帯状皮質から心臓への特定の神経経路が関わっています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 行動生物学
- 生理学
背景:
- 任意の心拍数 (HR) 調節はリアルタイムフィードバックで可能である.
- HR制御の神経メカニズムを理解することは 治療的介入に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- ネズミのモデルでバイオフィードバックを用いて,自発的な心拍の低下の基礎となる神経回路を調査する.
- 行動と生理学に対するHRバイオフィードバックトレーニングの長期的な効果を決定する.
主な方法:
- ネズミはネオコーテックス刺激と前頭脳中枢束刺激によってリアルタイムでHRフィードバックを受けます.
- 神経経路の操作は,前帯状皮質 (ACC) の神経細胞を内側中枢タラミック核 (VMT) に投射し,この経路のテータリズム刺激を伴う.
- 生理学的および行動的評価には,HRモニタリング,抗不安行動検査,血液赤血球数が含まれていました.
主要な成果:
- ラットはバイオフィードバックトレーニングの5日以内に約50%のHR減少を達成しました.
- ブラディカルディアはトレーニング後少なくとも10日間持続し,抗不安行動と赤血球数の増加と関連していました.
- ACCからVMTへの経路の不活性化により ブラディカルディアが予防され,テータリズム刺激により ブラディカルディアが複製され,この経路の重要な役割が強調された.
結論:
- ACCからVMTまでの神経経路は,バイオフィードバックによる自発的な心拍の低下を媒介するために不可欠です.
- この経路は,背中下垂体への投影を通して心拍数に影響を与え,その後,パラシンパティック出力を制御します.
- HRバイオフィードバックトレーニングは 持続的な生理学的および行動的変化を誘発し,自律的調節障害を含む状態の潜在的な治療用途を示唆します.
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