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Updated: Jun 22, 2025

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A Method for Quantifying Foliage-Dwelling Arthropods
Published on: October 20, 2019
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熱帯 の 湿気 の 森林 に 対する 人間 の 破壊 は,以前 の 推定 値 より も 大きく なっ て いる
C Bourgoin1, G Ceccherini2, M Girardello2
1European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy. clement.bourgoin@ec.europa.eu.
Nature
|July 3, 2024
まとめ
伐採や火災による熱帯森林の劣化により 森林の高さと生物量が大幅に減少し 回復が遅い. 農業による辺縁効果は広大な森林に 影響を及ぼし 森林破壊の脆弱性を高めています
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 森林の生態学
- リモートセンシング
背景:
- 選択的な伐採,火災,辺縁の影響によって引き起こされる熱帯森林の劣化は,世界の炭素と生物多様性の損失に大きく貢献しています.
- この劣化の正確な規模と長期的な影響は不明であり,効果的な保全戦略を阻害しています.
研究 の 目的:
- 熱帯雨林の構造における様々な劣化型の規模と持続性を定量化する.
- 選抜伐採,火災,縁の影響が樹冠の高さやバイオマスに及ぼす影響を評価する.
- 森林の限界への侵攻の範囲とその持続性を推定する.
主な方法:
- 熱帯雨林の覆面の変化に関する衛星遠隔感知データの統合
- カノピーの高さとバイオマスの見積もりのために宇宙の光検出と距離測定 (LiDAR) を利用する.
- 降解の影響と回復率の分析
主要な成果:
- 選択的伐採と火災により 森林の高さはそれぞれ15%と50%減少し 20年間で回復は最小限です
- 森林の辺りは樹冠の高さとバイオマスの20~30%の減少を経験し,その影響は内陸1.5kmに及ぶ.
- エッジ効果は,熱帯雨林の18% (206 マハ) に影響を及ぼし,これは以前に推定された面積より200%以上大きい.
- 樹冠の50%以上を失っている 劣化した森林は 森林のさらなる伐採に より敏感です
結論:
- 熱帯森林の劣化は広範囲で持続しており,森林の構造,炭素,生物多様性に大きな影響を与えている.
- 現在の保全の取り組みは,以前より広く理解されている劣化,特に縁の効果に対処する必要があります.
- 劣化した森林の保護は 国際的な気候と生物多様性保全の目標を達成するために不可欠です
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