部分的に自己合成する生化学ネットワークにおける統合翻訳と代謝

Simone Giaveri¹, Nitin Bohra^1,2, Christoph Diehl¹

¹Department of Biochemistry and Synthetic Metabolism, Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|July 11, 2024

まとめ

研究者たちは代謝と遺伝子を結びつけることで生命を模倣する細胞のないシステムを作りましたこのシステムは自己組織化し再生し二酸化炭素からタンパク質を作り細胞の外で生命のような振る舞いを示します

科学分野:

合成生物学
生物化学
生命の起源に関する研究

背景:

生きた生物は,統合された代謝と遺伝ネットワークを通じて自己組織化と再生を行います.
細胞外での生命のような振る舞いを複製することは合成生物学における重要な課題です

研究の目的:

自己組織化と再生を証明する代謝と遺伝子のネットワークを in vitro で構築する.
細胞のないシステムを生命のない物質から合成する

主な方法:

クロトニル-CoA/エチル-マロニル-CoA/ヒドロキシブチリル-CoAの代謝サイクルを細胞フリータンパク質合成で統合する.
リコンビネント要素と約50の酵素を使ってネットワークを編成する
代謝ネットワーク内のフィードバックループを活性化するために遺伝的にコードされたインプットをプログラムします

主要な成果:

細胞なしのシステムは,二酸化炭素 (CO2) からアミノ酸グリシンを生成することに成功した.
グリシンはDNAにコードされた指示に従って標的タンパク質に組み込まれました.
自己統合と部分的自己再生を示す基本的なセルフリーオペレーティングシステムの構築.

結論:

機能的,関連した代謝および遺伝的ネットワークは細胞の文脈の外で確立できます
このシステムは自己組織化,再生,新しい構成要素の合成を含む生命のような重要な特性を示しています
この発見は人工生命の創造と基本的な生物学的過程の理解に向けて重要な一歩を踏み出しています

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