世界 の 森林 の 炭素 吸収 場
Yude Pan1, Richard A Birdsey2, Oliver L Phillips3
1USDA Forest Service, Durham, NH, USA. yude.pan@usda.gov.
Nature
|July 17, 2024
まとめ
地球上の森林は 安定した炭素吸収を維持し 大量の二酸化炭素 (CO2) を吸収します しかし,温帯および熱帯の再生森林は,沈没能力が増加し,北極および無傷の熱帯森林は,干渉と面積の減少のために減少しています.
科学分野:
- 生態学と気候科学
- 森林の炭素貯蔵
- 陸上の生態系
背景:
- 地球上の生態系,特に森林は,大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) を吸収することで,気候変動を緩和する上で重要な役割を果たしています.
- 森林の炭素吸収源の長期的傾向と生物群特有の貢献を理解することは,気候モデリングと政策開発に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 森林が地球上のバイオーム全体に及ぼす二酸化炭素吸収の長期的評価を行う.
- 森林の二酸化炭素吸収量における バイオームレベルの変化を 30年にわたって分析するためです
- 森林の炭素吸収容量と化石燃料の排出量,森林伐採の影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- 30年に及ぶ北極,温帯,熱帯の森林データを集約した.
- グローバルとバイオムレベルでのカーボンシンク傾向の分析
- 森林の炭素吸収能力と化石燃料の排出量と森林伐採率の比較
主要な成果:
- 森林の炭素吸収量は1990年代から2010年代まで安定した. 3.5 〜 3. 6 Pg C yr−1) となっている.
- 温帯および熱帯の再生森林は,森林面積の拡大により,炭素吸収量が増加しました (それぞれ30%と29%).
- 熱帯雨林と原始熱帯雨林は 干渉の増大と面積の減少により 炭素吸収量 (それぞれ-36%,31%) が減少しました
結論:
- 森林の炭素吸収量は安定していますが 土地面積の変化や 干渉による地域差は大きいです
- 森林の減少は化石燃料の排出量の 半分近くを相殺しますが 熱帯の森林伐採は この恩恵の3分の2を 奪っています
- 森林の老化,森林伐採の進行,そして干渉の増加により,将来の森林の沈殿能力が脅かされ,標的型の土地管理政策が必要となる.
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