腸内微生物の致癌物質の代謝が遠隔組織腫瘍を引き起こす
Blanka Roje1, Boyao Zhang2, Eleonora Mastrorilli2
1Laboratory for Cancer Research, University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia.
Nature
|July 31, 2024
まとめ
腸内微生物群はニトロサミンのような環境汚染物質を代謝することで 癌の発生に大きく影響します 腸内細菌の減少はニトロサミン誘発の膀癌をマウスで減らし,微生物群を強調する.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 毒理学について
- 腫瘍学
背景:
- 環境汚染物質と腸内微生物の組成は 癌に誘発する重要な要因です
- 汚染物質の代謝は,その発がん性と組織分布を変化させる可能性があります.
- 化学的に誘発された腫瘍の発達に対する微生物の生物変換の影響は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 発がん剤の生物変異における腸内微生物の役割と,がんの発症に対するその影響を調査する.
- ニトロサミンの微生物代謝がニトロサミンを誘発した膀がんの発生に影響を与えるかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- ガンを誘発する生物変異を研究するために,グノトビオティックマウスモデルと個別化された細菌培養コレクションを使用した.
- ネズミのニトロサミンの毒性運動と膀癌の発症に対する腸内微生物の減少の影響を評価した.
- 微生物の代謝の個体間変動を評価するために,異なるヒトドナーの腸内コミュニティを検査した.
主要な成果:
- 腸内微生物群の枯渇により,ニトロサミンの毒力学が変化し,マウスの膀がんの発生と重症度が著しく低下した.
- 特定の腸内細菌の単離は, in vitro と in vivo の両方で発がん性生物変異と因果関係があった.
- 致癌物質の微生物代謝は,異なるヒトの腸内コミュニティによって変化し,関連するニトロサミンの化合物に適用されます.
結論:
- 腸内微生物群は,発がん物質の代謝において重要な役割を果たし,化学的に誘発された発がんを引き起こします.
- 微生物の致癌物質の代謝は,がんの傾向と重症性の潜在的な要因である.
- 微生物群をターゲットにすることで 癌リスクの評価と予防の新たな戦略が生まれます
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