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関連する概念動画

The DNA Replication Fork01:02

The DNA Replication Fork

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An organism’s genome needs to be duplicated in an efficient and error-free manner for its growth and survival. The replication fork is a Y-shaped active region where two strands of DNA are separated and replicated continuously. The coupling of DNA unzipping and complementary strand synthesis is a characteristic feature of a replication fork.   Organisms with small circular DNA, such as E. coli, often have a single origin of replication; therefore, they have only two replication...
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Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Chromosome Replication02:31

Chromosome Replication

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Before a cell can divide, it must accurately replicate all of its chromosomes, including the DNA and its associated histone and non-histone proteins.  This process begins at numerous origins of replication during the S phase of the cell cycle in each of a cell’s chromosomes simultaneously. Certain nucleotides can act as origins of replication, but these sequences are not well defined - especially in complex, multi-cellular, eukaryotic species. The length of DNA that spans an origin...
8.7K
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

5.4K
The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
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Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

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Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying...
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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Examination of Proteins Bound to Nascent DNA in Mammalian Cells Using BrdU-ChIP-Slot-Western Technique
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ディープラーニングは,複製のフォークでヒストンと出会う

Hiten D Madhani1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA.

Cell
|September 6, 2024
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

DNA複製中の親のヒストンの移転は,表遺伝子遺伝に不可欠です. Mrc1/CLASPINというレプリソームの成分はヒストンのチャペロンとして作用し,親ヒストンの必要不可欠なDNA鎖への転送を容易にする.

さらに関連する動画

Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method

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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 14, 2025

Examination of Proteins Bound to Nascent DNA in Mammalian Cells Using BrdU-ChIP-Slot-Western Technique
09:14

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Strand-Specific Analysis of Proteins at Replicating DNA Strands by Enrichment and Sequencing of Protein-Associated Nascent DNA Method
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Imaging Replicative Domains in Ultrastructurally Preserved Chromatin by Electron Tomography
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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • エピジェネティクス
  • クロマチンの生物学

背景:

  • エピジェネティック継承は 細胞分裂のクロマチン状態を通過することに依存する.
  • 親ヒストンタンパク質 (H3-H4テトラマー) は,複製中に両方の新しいDNA鎖に配分されなければならない.
  • 均等なヒストンの分布を保証する正確なメカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 親のH3-H4テトラメアの娘DNA複合体への移転を媒介する要因を特定する.
  • エピジェネティック遺伝における複製機構の構成要素の役割を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • ヒストンの分離を研究するために酵母遺伝学と遺伝分析を用いた.
  • 構造的な洞察のためにAlphaFold2の複数の予測を用いた.
  • タンパク質の機能を検証する統合された生化学的アプローチ

主要な成果:

  • Mrc1 (CLASPINとも呼ばれる) をDNA複製体の重要な成分として特定した.
  • Mrc1がH3-H4テトラマーに 伴っていることが示された.
  • 複製過程で親のH3-H4テトラメアの両子DNA鎖への移転におけるMrc1の重要な役割を示した.

結論:

  • Mrc1/CLASPINは,表遺伝子遺伝に関与する重要なヒストンチャペロンである.
  • DNA複製機構は,表遺伝子情報の忠実な伝播を保証する直接的な役割を果たします.
  • この発見は,DNA複製とクロマチンの状態の維持の間のメカニズム的なリンクを提供します.