下降皮質経路の領域化を導く分子プログラム
Philipp Abe1,2, Adrien Lavalley1,3, Ilaria Morassut1
1Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
Nature
|September 11, 2024
まとめ
層5のエクストラテレンセファリック (ET) ニューロンは,切り抜きとデノボの出現によって発達する異なるサブタイプ (ETdistとETprox) を有する. 遺伝子規制ネットワークは 接続性を制御し 運動能力や神経疾患に影響を与えます
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 発達生物学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 層5のエクストラテレンセファリック (ET) ニューロンは,運動制御に不可欠であり,神経学的障害に関与しています.
- 2つの主要なサブタイプであるETdistとETproxは,異なる皮質の位置と皮質下投射ターゲットを示しています.
研究 の 目的:
- ETニューロンのサブタイプの出現の基礎となる発達メカニズムを解明する.
- ETニューロンのサブタイプの仕様と接続性を支配する転写プログラムを特定する.
- ETニューロンの接続性を 再プログラムする可能性を 探すためだ
主な方法:
- ネズミの新皮質における軸索突起の横断領域マッピング.
- 単核の配列化により 発達の転写プログラムが特定される.
- 亜型特異の転写因子の産後におけるノックダウン
主要な成果:
- ETdistとETproxニューロンの異なる発達経路を特定し,アクソン剪定とde novo生成を含む.
- サブタイプ特有の発達トランスクリプションプログラム.
- 転写因子を操作することで ETニューロンの再プログラムが成功しました
結論:
- ETニューロンの多様性は,特定の発達動態と転写プログラムから生じる.
- ETニューロンの標的特異性を制御する遺伝子調節ネットワークは,治療的に標的化することができる.
- 発見は,運動経路の発達と関連する疾患の潜在的な治療法についての洞察を提供します.
関連する概念動画
Direct Motor Pathways
1.8K
The direct motor pathways, also known as the pyramidal tracts, are a group of neural pathways that originate in the brain and descend through the spinal cord. They control the voluntary movement of the body. There are two major direct motor pathways: the corticospinal and the corticobulbar tracts.
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...
The corticospinal tract is responsible for the voluntary movement of the limbs and trunk. It originates in the cerebral cortex of the brain and descends through the cerebrum's internal capsule and...
1.8K
Spinal Cord: Cross-sectional Anatomy
1.8K
The cross-sectional anatomy of the spinal cord offers a detailed view of its complex structure and function within the central nervous system. At the core of the spinal cord lies the gray matter, characterized by its butterfly or "H"-shaped appearance in cross-section. This central region is enveloped by white matter, with the overall structure divided into symmetrical halves by the dorsal median sulcus and the ventral median fissure.
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
Gray Matter and its Components
Central to the gray matter is...
1.8K
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways
4.3K
Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
4.3K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
929
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
929
Diencephalon: Thalamus and Information Relay
1.5K
The thalamus, often called “the gateway to the cerebral cortex,” is vital in processing and directing sensory and motor signals throughout the brain. Almost all inputs destined for the cerebral cortex, except for olfactory signals, are relayed through the thalamus. The thalamus is a sophisticated relay station, channeling information from various brain regions to the cerebral cortex, as well as a filter, prioritizing certain signals over others based on current physiological...
1.5K
Indirect Motor Pathways
1.4K
The indirect motor or extrapyramidal pathways originate in the brainstem, the lower portion of the brain that connects it to the spinal cord. They consist of several distinct tracts, each with specialized functions. The four main tracts of the indirect motor pathways are the vestibulospinal tract, the reticulospinal tract, the tectospinal tract, and the rubrospinal tract.
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
The vestibulospinal tract originates in the vestibular nuclei of the brainstem. The vestibular system detects changes in...
1.4K


