ブラックホールのジェットが宇宙のウェブのスケールで
Martijn S S L Oei1,2, Martin J Hardcastle3, Roland Timmerman4,5
1Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands. oei@caltech.edu.
Nature
|September 18, 2024
まとめ
超大質量ブラックホールのジェットは 7 Mpcまで広がり,以前のサイズ制限に挑戦しています. これらの強力な宇宙構造は 膨大な距離と初期の宇宙時代に 驚くべき安定性を示しています
科学分野:
- 宇宙構造の形成
- 天体物理学
- ラジオ天文学
背景:
- 超大質量ブラックホール (SMBH) から噴出する高エネルギージェットは 銀河系で作られた宇宙の最大の構造を形成します
- これらのジェットは 銀河間媒介 (IGM) にエネルギーと物質を注入し 宇宙の進化に影響を与えます
- 以前の観測では,最大ジェット長が約5Mpcであり,成長の限界を暗示していました.
研究 の 目的:
- ブラックホール・ジェット・ペアよりも 大きくなっています
- 宇宙学的な距離を越えて 凝り合いを維持するジェットの能力を調査する
- 初期の,より密度の高い宇宙における ジェット伝播の影響を調査する.
主な方法:
- 大規模な無線構造物の無線観測
- ロブ,ジェット,ホットスポットを含む構造の形状の分析.
- 宇宙空間の半径と理論モデルとの観測サイズ比較.
主要な成果:
- 発見した電波構造は およそ7Mpcの大きさで かつて認められていた最大サイズの ほぼ2倍です
- この構造は初期の宇宙のブラックホールによって生成された (ビッグバン後の6.3 Gyr).
- 観測されたジェットは,宇宙的な距離を超えて,より密度の高い初期の宇宙環境にもかかわらず,一貫性を維持しました.
結論:
- 超大質量ブラックホールのジェットは 5Mpcを超える大きさに成長し 既定の成長制限を超えています
- これらのジェットは,巨大な宇宙学的スケールで磁気動力学的な不安定性への回復力を示しています.
- 初期の宇宙におけるこのような長寿のジェットコヒーレンスを可能にするメカニズムは まだ未解明のままです
関連する概念動画
01:10Detection of Black Holes
2.2K
Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
Not until the 1960s, when the first neutron...
2.2K
01:21Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
1.9K
No object with a finite mass can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. This fact has an interesting consequence in the domain of extremely high gravitational fields.
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
1.9K
01:14Gravitation Between Spherically Symmetric Masses
869
The gravitational potential energy between two spherically symmetric bodies can be calculated from the masses and the distance between the bodies, assuming that the center of mass is concentrated at the respective centers of the bodies.
869
01:26Divergence and Curl of Magnetic Field
2.8K
The magnetic field due to a volume current distribution given by the Biot–Savart Law can be expressed as follows:
2.8K
01:14Free Jet
128
Free jets describe the flow of liquid exiting a reservoir through an opening into the atmosphere without resistance. The velocity (v) of the liquid jet is derived using Bernoulli's principle and expressed as:
128
01:17The Principle of Superposition and the Gravitational Field
1.3K
The principle of superposition applies to gravitational forces of objects that are sufficiently far apart. It states that the net gravitational force on a point object is the vector sum of the gravitational forces on it due to various objects. The principle helps calculate the force by listing the individual forces and then vectorially summing them up. However, it should be noted that the principle of superposition is not always apparent. In the presence of a second force, the first force could...
1.3K