アメリカの非営利病院の税金利得の見積もり
Elizabeth Plummer1,2, Mariana P Socal3, Ge Bai3,4
1Neeley School of Business, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth.
JAMA
|September 26, 2024
まとめ
非営利病院は2021年に374億ドルの税金優遇を受け,州によって大きく異なるが,少数の機関に集中している. これは,これらの免税に対する地方レベルの説明責任措置の必要性を強調しています.
科学分野:
- 健康 経済
- 公的財政
- 医療政策
背景:
- 非営利の病院は,免税のステータスにより,かなりの税制上の恩恵を受けています.
- これらの制度は,これらの恩恵を正当化し,納税者の説明責任を示すために,圧力を増しています.
- 連邦,州,地方のレベルで これらの税制上の恩恵を定量化することは 政策開発に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 非営利病院が税金免除から得られる 経済的利益の総額を推定する.
- これらの税制上の利点が 異なる州や地域社会に 分布しているかを評価する.
- 評価と報告のための税制上の利益の推定のための標準化された方法論を提供すること.
主な方法:
- 2021年メディケアコストレポートのデータを使用した.
- 現在の税法と慣行に合致する方法論と措置を講じています.
- 連邦/州所得税,売上税,財産税,慈善事業への寄付,債券金融貯蓄,連邦失業税を含む,総金利を計算した.
主要な成果:
- 2021年には,米国の非営利病院2927が,合計374億ドルの税金優遇を受けた.
- 病院のベッドと人当たりの税額は州によって大きく異なっていた.
- 病院の小さな割合 (7%) が,税制上の利益の半分を占め,高い集中を示している.
結論:
- 非営利病院の税制上の恩恵は 地理的に大きく異なっており 集中している.
- 州税と地方税は,所得税の全体的な恩恵において主要な役割を果たします.
- 納税者の説明責任のための政策の取り組みは,地方レベルでより効果的かもしれません.
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