ENSOは北大西洋の振動に影響 1年後に
Adam A Scaife1,2, Nick Dunstone1, Steven Hardiman1
1Met Office Hadley Centre, Exeter, UK.
まとめ
エルニーニョ・サザン・オシレーション (ENSO) は,北大西洋オシレーション (NAO) に影響を及ぼし,熱帯圏外で1年遅れの気候反応を引き起こします. この遅延効果は,大気のモメンタムによって引き起こされ,同時に発生する ENSO 衝撃と同じくらい強力です.
科学分野:
- 気候科学
- 大気科学
- 海洋学
背景:
- エルニーニョ・サザン・オシレーション (ENSO) は,年間間の気候変動の主要な要因である.
- ENSOと熱帯外の気候の間の同時遠隔接続は十分に文書化されています.
- ENSOに対する熱帯域外の反応は,通常,冬の同時衝撃で研究されます.
研究 の 目的:
- ENSOに1年遅れの気候反応を調査する.
- これらの遅れたテレコネクションの強さと特性を決定する.
- 遅れたENSO応答を誘発する根本的なメカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 観測気候データの分析
- 気候モデルシミュレーションの評価
- 大気における角度運動の異常を調査する.
主要な成果:
- ENSOに対する強固な1年遅れのエクストラトロピカル反応が観察およびモデルで確認された.
- この遅れた応答は,同時にENSOのテレコネクションに強さで比較できます.
- 遅れた応答は,北大西洋振動 (NAO) に影響を与える同時応答の反対のサインを示します.
- 遅い反応のタイミングと兆候を説明するために,ゆっくりと移動する大気磁動の異常が発見されました.
結論:
- 遅れたENSOテレコネクションは,熱帯外の気候の変動の重要な構成要素です.
- これらの遅延効果は,季節から年中間の気候の理解と予測に影響を及ぼします.
- ENSOのテレコネクションに関する既存の概念に異議を唱え,気候対策の遅延の重要性を強調しています.
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