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Updated: Jun 11, 2025

[DPEPhosbcpCu]PF6: A General and Broadly Applicable Copper-Based Photoredox Catalyst
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結晶におけるカスケード光反応:デワーベンゼンの量子連鎖によって引き起こされる相変化が,トポケミカル [2 + 2]光二酸化を誘発する

Indrajit Paul1, Krzysztof A Konieczny1,2, Roberto Chavez1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 8, 2024
PubMed
まとめ

研究者は光反応性テンプレートを用いて 結晶のタンデム反応を可能にしました デワールベンゼンとトランス-4,4'-ビピリジルエステンを含むこのプロセスは,量子連鎖反応を通じて光分解を成功させた.

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Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
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Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Thermal cycloadditions are reactions where the source of activation energy needed to initiate the reaction is provided in the form of heat. A typical example of a thermally-allowed cycloaddition is the Diels–Alder reaction, which is a [4 + 2] cycloaddition. In contrast, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition is thermally forbidden.
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Cycloaddition Reactions: Overview01:16

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The Diels–Alder reaction is an example of a thermal pericyclic reaction between a conjugated diene and an alkene or alkyne, commonly referred to as a dienophile. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six π electrons, four from the diene and two from the dienophile, forming an unsaturated six-membered ring. As a result, these reactions are classified as [4+2] cycloadditions.
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