ヨーロッパ の 森林 の 植物 の 範囲 の 予期 さ れ て い ない 西側 に 移動 する こと は,窒素 の 堆積 に 関係 し て いる
Pieter Sanczuk1, Kris Verheyen1, Jonathan Lenoir2
1Forest & Nature Lab, Department of Environment, Ghent University, Melle-Gontrode, Belgium.
まとめ
ヨーロッパでは 森林の植物は 北ではなく 西に移動しています この驚くべき生物多様性の変化の原因は 気候の変化ではなく 窒素の堆積であり 酸性雨の回復によるものです
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 環境科学
- 植物学
背景:
- 種分布は気候変化によって 極の方向に変化すると考えられています
- 気候以外の環境要因は,大気堆積や森林の動態など,種の地理的範囲に影響を与える可能性があります.
- 生物多様性の変化を予測するには これらの要因を理解することが重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 欧州の森林植物の分布における数十年間の変化を定量化する.
- 気候変動,窒素と硫黄の堆積,林冠の動態など,これらの観測された分布の変化の主な要因を特定する.
- 生物の生息地が変化する唯一の要因であるという 仮定に異議を唱えるため
主な方法:
- 欧州の森林植物の10年分の分布データを分析した.
- 観測された分布の変化と環境変数の統計的関連付け:気候変動,大気堆積 (N,S),林冠の動態.
- 観測されたシフトに対する異なるドライバーの影響の比較分析.
主要な成果:
- 西への分布のシフトは北へのシフトの 2.6 倍でした
- 窒素媒介による植民地化の出来事は,西への移動の主な原動力として特定されました.
- これらの窒素効果は,過去の酸化堆積からの回復によって強化され得る.
結論:
- 生物多様性の再分布は複雑で 相互作用する環境の変化によって引き起こされます
- 気候の変化は 唯一の要因ではありません 窒素の堆積は 種の生息範囲の形成に 重要な役割を果たします
- 将来の研究は 気候だけでなく 様々な要因の相互作用を考慮し 環境の変化に対する 種の反応を予測する必要があります
さらに関連する動画
10:16Design and Operation of a Continuous 13C and 15N Labeling Chamber for Uniform or Differential, Metabolic and Structural, Plant Isotope Labeling
Published on: January 16, 2014
21.9K
10:19A CO2 Concentration Gradient Facility for Testing CO2 Enrichment and Soil Effects on Grassland Ecosystem Function
Published on: November 21, 2015
11.4K
関連する概念動画
The Roles of Bacteria and Fungi in Plant Nutrition
35.1K
Plants have the impressive ability to create their own food through photosynthesis. However, plants often require assistance from organisms in the soil to acquire the nutrients they need to function correctly. Both bacteria and fungi have evolved symbiotic relationships with plants that help the species to thrive in a wide variety of environments.
35.1K
Threats to Biodiversity
22.2K
There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
22.2K
The Nitrogen Cycle
51.7K
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
51.7K
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
7.8K
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
7.8K
Global Climate Change
24.2K
Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
24.2K
Key Elements for Plant Nutrition
18.7K
Like all living organisms, plants require organic and inorganic nutrients to survive, reproduce, grow and maintain homeostasis. To identify nutrients that are essential for plant functioning, researchers have leveraged a technique called hydroponics. In hydroponic culture systems, plants are grown—without soil—in water-based solutions containing nutrients. At least 17 nutrients have been identified as essential elements required by plants. Plants acquire these elements from the...
18.7K
