高CO2は24年以上にわたり,Nによる多様性の減少を抑制し,増幅する
Peter B Reich1,2,3, Neha Mohanbabu4, Forest Isbell5
1Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA. preich@umn.edu.
Nature
|October 16, 2024
まとめ
大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) 濃度の上昇
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 環境科学
- 植物生物学
背景:
- 大気中の二酸化炭素 (CO2) と窒素 (N) の堆積が増加し,植物群に重大な影響を与えている.
- 窒素の堆積は地球規模の生物多様性の喪失の 既知の要因です
- 植物多様性に対する高濃度のCO2とNの相互作用効果は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- CO2濃度の上昇が草原の植物の多様性に対する窒素堆積の影響を調査する.
- 草原の生態系に対する二酸化炭素と窒素の結合による長期的な影響を決定する.
主な方法:
- 野外での実験で 草原の108箇所を 24年にわたって調査しました
- 大気中の二酸化炭素と窒素濃度の操作
- 植物種の豊かさとバイオマスのモニタリング,光の利用可能性の評価.
主要な成果:
- 最初,高濃度のCO2は,種多様性に対するN添加の負の影響を軽減した.
- 時間が経つにつれ,この相互作用は逆転し,CO2の増加がN誘発の多様性損失を強めた.
- N添加による種多様性の減少は,過去8年間で二酸化炭素が上昇した状態で3倍に増加しました.
- 植物バイオマスの増加に起因する光の可用性の変化がこれらの相互作用を媒介した.
結論:
- CO2の上昇は,草原の植物の多様性に対する窒素堆積の悪影響を悪化させる可能性があります.
- この相互作用は,支配的な種のバイオマス増加による光の利用可能性の変化によって引き起こされる.
- この傾向が続くと 草原の生物多様性保護の将来は 憂慮すべきものだと考えられます
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