消費者の生物多様性は,水と陸の生態系における有機栄養素の利用可能性を高めています

J Ryan Shipley^1,2,3, Rebecca Oester^4,5,6, Margaux Mathieu-Resuge^7,8

¹Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow, and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 17, 2024

まとめ

昆虫やクモの生物多様性の保護は生態系の健康に不可欠です水と陸の両方の環境における生物多様性の高まりは,より大きなバイオマスと必須栄養素,特に多不飽和脂肪酸 (PUFA) の蓄積につながります.

科学分野:

エコロジー
環境科学
生物多様性に関する研究

背景:

人間による土地利用の拡大は,水生生態系と陸生生態系の両方の節足類の生物多様性に重大な脅威をもたらしています.
昆虫やクモは栄養素の循環に不可欠でポリ不飽和脂肪酸 (PUFA) のような重要な化合物を合成します
節足類の生物多様性と生態系の栄養分の量的な関係はまだ十分に研究されていない.

研究の目的:

昆虫とクモの生物多様性とその関連バイオマスとPUFA-massの関係を定量化する.
河川と陸上環境の両方における様々な土地利用形態の関係を比較する.

主な方法:

9つの異なる土地利用のグラデーションで昆虫とクモの豊かさ,バイオマス,PUFAの質を評価した.
水 (流れ) と陸の生態系との比較結果

主要な成果:

生物多様性は,研究されたすべての生態系において,バイオマスとPUFA質量の両方と正の相関関係にある.
人間が主宰する地域の陸上のシステムは,富のレベルに関係なく,より自然な地域と比較して,より低いバイオマスとPUFA質量を示しました.
水生生態系では,陸生生態系よりも PUFA 質量が高いことが一貫して示されています.

結論:

節足類の生物多様性を保全することは,生態系機能と栄養供給を維持するために不可欠です.
水中の生物多様性は,栄養量 (PUFA-mass) に関して独特で重要な利点を提供します.
土地利用管理は,生物多様性と栄養循環の両方に与える影響を考慮する必要があります.

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