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Types of Radioactivity03:23

Types of Radioactivity

The most common types of radioactivity are α decay, β decay, γ decay, neutron emission, and electron capture.
Alpha (α) decay is the emission of an α particle from the nucleus. For example, polonium-210 undergoes α decay:
¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling01:04

¹³C NMR: ¹H–¹³C Decoupling

The probability of having two carbon-13 atoms next to each other is negligible because of the low natural abundance of carbon-13. Consequently, peak splitting due to carbon-carbon spin-spin coupling is not observed in spectra. However, protons up to three sigma bonds away split the carbon signal according to the n+1 rule, resulting in complicated spectra.
A broadband decoupling technique is used to simplify these complex, sometimes overlapping, signals. Broadband decoupling relies on a...
Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)01:06

Nuclear Overhauser Enhancement (NOE)

Irradiation of a spin-active nucleus causes an increase or decrease in the signal intensity of neighboring nuclei that are not necessarily chemically bonded or involved in J-coupling. This phenomenon, called the nuclear Overhauser enhancement (NOE), results from through-space interactions between the nuclear spins. The NOE effect decreases with increasing internuclear distance and is generally not observed beyond 4 angstroms. In NOE, dipole-dipole interactions between neighboring spin-active...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

An Integrated System to Remotely Trigger Intracellular Signal Transduction by Upconversion Nanoparticle-mediated Kinase Photoactivation
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短波赤外線アップコンバーティングナノ粒子

Xiao Qi1, Changhwan Lee2, Benedikt Ursprung2

  • 1The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 21, 2024
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,短波赤外線 (SWIR) を検出可能な信号に効率的に変換する新しいランタニドベースのアップコンバーティングナノ粒子 (UCNP) を開発しました. これらのSWIR対応の探査機は バイオイメージングの新たな可能性をもたらし 先進的な視覚技術にとって不可欠です

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関連する実験動画

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科学分野:

  • ナノテクノロジー
  • 光学物理学
  • 材料科学

背景:

  • 光学技術は非侵襲的な分析を提供しますが,スペクトル領域によって制限されています.
  • ショートウェーブ赤外線 (SWIR) の波長により,深部に浸透し,光損傷を軽減できますが,適切な発光センサーは稀です.

研究 の 目的:

  • SWIR領域で刺激可能な新しいランタニドベースのアップコンバーティングナノ粒子 (UCNP) を発見する.
  • SWIR対応の探査機を使って新しいバイオイメージングウィンドウと先進的なビジョン技術を可能にします.

主な方法:

  • ランタニド (Ln3+) イオン組合せのスクリーニングは,微分速度方程式モデリングを使用します.
  • 上向き変換された光発光刺激 (U-PLE) のスペクトルの実験的特徴付け.
  • エネルギー伝達経路を理解するためのメカニズムモデルです

主要な成果:

  • 特定されたHo3+/Tm3+またはTm3+ドーパントは,効率的なSWIR刺激のためにNaYF4コア/シェルUCNPに含まれています.
  • 1740nmまたは1950nmで強い可視またはNIR-I放射を生成するSWIR刺激が実証されています.
  • 放射を652nmにシフトさせ,SWIRのエネルギー受容と再分配を向上させた.

結論:

  • SWIR対応のUCNPが開発され,新しいIRバイオイメージングウィンドウが開きます.
  • 速度方程式モデルは,特定の刺激と放出波長のUCNP組成を正確に予測します.
  • これらの探査機は 視野技術と深層地下分析に不可欠です