腸内受容節との動きをつなぐ皮質下栄養回路
Christin Kosse1, Jessica Ivanov1, Zachary Knight2
1Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|October 24, 2024
まとめ
研究者は 食事の行動を制御する 脳回路を特定しました この経路は,脳由来神経栄養因子 (BDNF) ニューロンを含む中腹下垂体 (VMH) の内部のシグナルを食事の行動と結びつけ,食物の摂取に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 行動神経科学
- 下垂体回路
背景:
- 摂食行動に関する 神経経経路の理解は 代謝障害の治療に不可欠です
- インターオセプティブ・シグナルとフィーディング・アウトプットの関連性は,まだ完全に理解されていません.
- 脳由来神経栄養因子 (BDNF) はニューロンの機能と可塑性に関与する.
研究 の 目的:
- 特定の皮質下回路を線引きし, 腸内受容の入力と餌の行動を結びつける.
- 食物消費との動きを調節するベントロメディアル下垂体 (VMH) のBDNF発現ニューロンの役割を調査する.
主な方法:
- VMHBDNFニューロンの光遺伝的操作と周回脳三角領域 (pMe5) の投影を用いて神経経路を調査した.
- 食物供給,消費,動物の肥満に関するニューロン活動の監視
- 弓状核 (Arc) ニューロン (AgRPとPOMC) からVMHBDNFニューロンへのシナプス入力を調べた.
主要な成果:
- VMHBDNFニューロンから運動センターへの直接回路が特定され,栄養を制御しました.
- VMHBDNFニューロンの抑制により,食物の摂取が増加し,非食物の消費行動が誘発された.
- このArc → VMHBDNF → pMe5回路はエネルギー状態を感知し,給餌行動を調節する.
結論:
- VMHBDNFニューロンは 摂食行動の重要なレギュレータであり, ゲートモーターの配列です.
- この新しい回路は 内部エネルギー信号を統合して 消費行動を調節します
- この経路の不調は 肥満や食生活の変化に 寄与する可能性があります
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