米国とカナダにおける薬物不足の違い
Mina Tadrous1, Katherine Callaway Kim2,3, Inmaculada Hernandez4
1Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
JAMA
|October 31, 2024
まとめ
医薬品のサプライチェーンの問題は,米国よりもカナダで不足を引き起こす可能性が低い. 国際協力により 薬剤の利用可能性とサプライチェーンの回復力を 向上させることができます
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 健康政策
- 薬学経済学
背景:
- 薬の不足は,COVID-19のパンデミックにより悪化した重大な公衆衛生上の課題を代表しています.
- 米国とカナダの規制機関は 薬物サプライチェーンに関する報告を義務付けています
- これらの報告が,両国間の実際の薬物不足に与える比較的な影響は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 米国とカナダにおける 報告されたサプライチェーン問題による 薬物不足の頻度を比較する.
- 供給連鎖の障害と薬物の不足との関連に影響を与える要因を特定する.
主な方法:
- 2017年から2021年の間,カナダと米国の薬物関連サプライチェーンの問題報告を分析した縦断的横断的な研究です.
- 薬の不足は,IQVIAデータを用いて評価した毎月の薬の購入の≥33%の減少として定義された.
- 分析された要因には,国,パンデミックのタイミング,必須医薬品の状況,製造源,医薬品の特性が含まれています.
主要な成果:
- 供給チェーンの問題に関する報告は,米国の49.0%の症例とカナダの34.0%の症例に関連していた (調整された危険比率 [HR],0.53).
- カナダにおけるこの低いリスクは,COVID-19のパンデミック前 (調整HR,0.47) とその後 (調整HR,0.31) にわたって続いた.
- 単一の薬源の薬は不足のリスクが2倍 (調整HR,2.58) であり,カナダのTier 3薬はほぼ半分のリスク (調整HR,0.56) であった.
結論:
- 薬物サプライチェーンの問題が米国と比較してカナダで 薬物の不足につながる可能性は著しく低い.
- 薬物の不足を緩和し,サプライチェーンの回復力を高めるために国際的な協力が必要であることを強調しています.
- 政策の介入は,薬剤の利用可能性に影響を与える規制および市場要因の比較分析によって決定される.
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