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地球規模の消費を 制限しないこと
Peipei Tian1, Honglin Zhong1, Xiangjie Chen2
1Institute of Blue and Green Development, Shandong University, Weihai, China.
Nature
|November 13, 2024
まとめ
世界の消費者の上位20%が 地球の限界を超えた環境への影響を 引き起こしています 消費パターンを変化させれば,生態系の圧力を大幅に減らし,地球を回復させることができる.
科学分野:
- 環境科学
- 環境経済学
- 持続可能性研究
背景:
- 世界的な環境への影響は,国によって大きく異なります.
- 消費グループに特定の環境責任を与えるのは複雑です.
- 惑星の境界は 重要な生態学的限界を表しています
研究 の 目的:
- 環境への影響の分布を調査する.
- 消費支出が地球規模に 与える影響を評価する
- 低コストの消費者を 緩和戦略の重要な要素として特定する.
主な方法:
- 168カ国の201の消費グループをカバーする支出データベースを利用した.
- 環境フットプリントの6つの指標を分析した.
- 消費が惑星の境界を 越えていることを定量化しました
主要な成果:
- 消費者の上位10%と20%が 惑星の境界を越える割合をそれぞれ31~67%と5~91%を占めています
- 消費の変化を上位20%に向ければ,25~53%の環境圧力を減らすことができます.
- 高い支出グループ内の食品とサービスセクターに焦点を当てることで,土地システムの変化と生物圏の保全の限界に対処できます.
結論:
- 消費者の高い支出は 環境の悪化に不釣り合いに貢献します
- 富裕層の消費の変化を ターゲットにすることが 惑星の境界を越えるのを 緩和するのに不可欠です
- 政策と個々の行動は,効果的な環境管理のために,トップ消費者の消費パターンを優先すべきである.
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