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関連する概念動画

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

8.5K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

5.7K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

16.6K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.6K
Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

11.4K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Ribosomal RNA Synthesis02:53

Ribosomal RNA Synthesis

13.1K
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
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piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs02:57

piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs

6.8K
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
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Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

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小型と長い非コーディングRNA:過去,現在,未来

Ling-Ling Chen1, V Narry Kim2

  • 1Key Laboratory of RNA Science and Engineering, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China; School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China; New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, Shenzhen, China.

Cell
|November 15, 2024
PubMed
まとめ

調節性非コーディングRNAs (ncRNAs) は,小型のRNAsと長い非コーディングRNAs (lncRNAs) を含むが,遺伝子調節に不可欠である. このレビューは,その発見,メカニズム,機能,および疾患における役割を詳細に説明し, lncRNA の将来の研究方向性を強調しています.

キーワード:
長い非コーディングRNAマイクロRNAncRNAバイオゲネシスncRNAの進化についてncRNAの機能ncRNAメカニズム病気におけるncRNA調節性ncRNAsについて

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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA
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RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 7, 2025

Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
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Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

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Published on: May 30, 2025

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科学分野:

  • 分子生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • RNA 生物学

背景:

  • 分子生物学の中心的な教義は 多様なRNA種の発見とともに進化した.
  • 非コーディングRNA (ncRNA) は,メッセンジャーRNAを補完して,遺伝子調節において重要な役割を果たします.
  • 調節性ncRNAs,特に小型のRNAsと長いノンコーディングRNAs (lncRNAs) は,RNA生物学を大幅に進歩させた.

研究 の 目的:

  • 規制性ncRNAの2つの主要なクラスである小さなRNAとlncRNAの現在の理解をレビューします.
  • これらのncRNAの発見,生殖,進化,メカニズム,機能,相互作用を調査する.
  • ncRNA の病理学的役割を強調し, lncRNA の将来の研究方法を提案する.

主な方法:

  • 小型RNAとlncRNAに関する既存の研究の文献レビューと合成.
  • 小型RNA経路と lncRNAメカニズムの比較分析
  • 制御性ncRNAの進化的側面と機能的役割についての議論.

主要な成果:

  • 小さなRNA経路は,定義されたメカニズムでよく特徴付けられています.
  • lncRNAには様々なメカニズムがあり,その多くはまだ研究中です.
  • ncRNAは様々な細胞プロセスと病理学的状態に関与する.

結論:

  • 調節性ncRNAs,特に小さなRNAsとlncRNAsは,遺伝子調節と細胞機能に不可欠です.
  • lncRNAの複雑なメカニズムと機能を完全に解明するには,さらなる研究が必要です.
  • ncRNAのクロストラックと疾患におけるその役割を理解することは,有望な治療目標を提供します.