船舶 の 衝突 の 危険 は,世界 の 諸 海洋 で の クジラ を 脅かし て いる
Anna C Nisi1, Heather Welch2,3, Stephanie Brodie4
1Center for Ecosystem Sentinels, Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
まとめ
船の衝突は 世界的に大きなクジラにとって 大きな脅威です 海のわずか2.6%を ターゲットに管理すれば 鯨船との衝突のリスクを 大幅に減らすことができます
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学
- 保護科学
- 海洋学
背景:
- 商業的な捕鯨は減少しており 船舶の衝突が 大きな鯨群にとって 主な脅威となっています
- 鯨船との衝突リスクを理解することは 効果的な保全に不可欠ですが データは限られています
研究 の 目的:
- 4種類のクジラの世界的な分布モデルを作成します
- クジラと船の衝突のリスクを推定する.
- 管理戦略で衝突リスクを軽減できる分野を特定する.
主な方法:
- 種分布をモデル化するために 43万5千以上のクジラの位置をまとめました
- 衝突リスクを推定するために 35億以上の船の位置を分析した.
- 高リスク地域を特定するために,鯨の分布に対して船の輸送をマッピングしました.
主要な成果:
- 研究された鯨群の92%で 航路が重なり合っています
- 特定された衝突リスクホットスポットの7%未満が現在管理戦略を持っています.
- 効率的な管理は 海面のわずか2.6%をカバーすることで 達成できます
結論:
- 鯨船との衝突は重大な脅威であり,グローバルな管理戦略が必要です.
- 特定されたホットスポットでの有目的の保全活動は,衝突のリスクを効果的に減らすことができます.
- 衝突のリスクを軽減することは 船舶の活動が増加している中で 大型クジラ集団の回復に不可欠です
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