Jove
Visualize
お問い合わせ
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
JoVEについて
概要リーダーシップブログJoVEヘルプセンター
著者向け
出版プロセス編集委員会範囲と方針査読よくある質問投稿
図書館員向け
推薦の声購読アクセスリソース図書館諮問委員会よくある質問
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experimentsアーカイブ
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教員リソースセンター教員サイト
利用規約
プライバシーポリシー
ポリシー

関連する概念動画

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism00:57

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.3K
The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...
2.3K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.5K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
2.5K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:04

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

2.0K
The mechanism for anionic chain-growth polymerization involves initiation, propagation, and termination steps. In the initiation step, a nucleophilic anion, such as butyl lithium, initiates the polymerization process by attacking the π bond of the vinylic monomer. As a result, a carbanion, stabilized by the electron‐withdrawing group, is generated. The resulting carbanion acts as a Michael donor in the propagation step and attacks the second vinylic monomer, which acts as a Michael...
2.0K
Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:10

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.4K
Chain-growth or addition polymerization is successive addition reactions of monomers with a polymer chain. In radical chain-growth polymerization, the reaction proceeds via a free-radical intermediate. The free radical is formed from radical initiators, which spontaneously generate free radicals by homolytic fission. Organic peroxides (such as dibenzoyl peroxide, as shown in Figure 1) or azo compounds are popular radical initiators. A low concentration ratio of radical initiator to monomer is...
2.4K
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

5.7K
DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
5.7K
Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

2.1K
The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
2.1K

こちらも読む

関連記事

共著者、ジャーナル、引用グラフによってこの研究に関連する記事。

並び替え
Same author

Beyond the Chemical Recycling of Polymethacrylates: Depolymerization of Polymethacrylamides.

Chimia·2026
Same author

Direct Polymer-on-Polymer Grafting of Polyolefins under Visible Light.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Electrochemically Mediated Depolymerization of Polymers Synthesized by Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Depolymerization-Induced Morphological Transformation.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same author

Chemical Recycling of Polymethacrylates.

Chimia·2025
Same author

Unravelling the effect of side chain on RAFT depolymerization; identifying the rate determining step.

Polymer chemistry·2025
Same journal

Linker Engineering toward NIR-II Metal-Organic Framework with Maximal Emission beyond 1000 nm for Inflammatory Bowel Disease Imaging.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Observing Kinetic Selectivity in Anthracene Photodimerization through Selective Quenching by Excited States of Proximate Rare Earth Cations.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Sequence-Dependent Folding of Recognition-Encoded Melamine Oligomers.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Large Thermo- and Mechanosalient Actuation via Cooperative Twist Elasticity-Induced Packing Motif Conversion.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Discovery and Biosynthesis of Lanthipeptides Featuring an Azepinoindole Scaffold by Radical <i>S</i>-Adenosylmethionine Enzyme-Catalyzed C-C Bond Formation.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
Same journal

Enantiopurity-Controlled Magnetism in a Two-Dimensional Organic-Inorganic Material.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2026
関連記事をすべて見る

関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

8.7K

継続的なアクティベーター再生 (ICAR) デポリメリゼーションのためのイニシアター

Glen R Jones1, Maria-Nefeli Antonopoulou1, Nghia P Truong1

  • 1Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 12, 2024
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

連続アクティベーター再生 (ICAR) 脱ポリメリゼーションのイニシアターでは,原子移転ラジカルポリメリゼーション (ATRP) ポリマーリサイクルの反応温度を大幅に低下させます. この方法は,120 °Cで高いモノメール収量を達成し,エネルギー消費と副作用を軽減します.

さらに関連する動画

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
11:17

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

Published on: January 19, 2016

21.5K
Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.2K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2025

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development
09:32

Light-mediated Reversible Modulation of the Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase Pathway during Cell Differentiation and Xenopus Embryonic Development

Published on: June 15, 2017

8.7K
Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
11:17

Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction

Published on: January 19, 2016

21.5K
Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
08:12

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

3.2K

科学分野:

  • ポリマー化学
  • 持続可能な化学
  • 化学工学

背景:

  • アトムトランスファーラジカルポリメリゼーション (ATRP) ポリマーの化学リサイクルには,高温 (170 °C) が必要です.
  • 高温ではエネルギー効率が低下し,末端の分解によりデポリメリゼーション率が低下する.
  • ATRPポリマーのリサイクルには,既存の方法の効率と広範な適用が欠けている.

研究 の 目的:

  • ATRPポリマーの低温リサイクル方法として,継続的なアクティベーター再生 (ICAR) のデポリメリゼーションを導入する.
  • ICARデポリメリゼーションの効率と汎用性を実証する.
  • ポリマーリサイクルのエネルギー消費と副作用を減らす

主な方法:

  • 継続的なアクティベーター再生を可能にするために,商業的に利用可能なフリーラジカルイニシアターを使用しました.
  • ATRPで合成されたポリマーにICAR脱ポリメリゼーションを適用した.
  • インキュベーション研究を通じて脱ポリマー化効率,反応温度,および副作用を調査した.
  • 異なるポリマー末端グループ (塩素,ブロミン) と触媒 (銅,鉄) との互換性を試験した.

主要な成果:

  • 120°Cで96%の脱ポリマー化効率を達成し,従来の方法より大幅に減少しました.
  • ICARデポリメリゼーション変換は,熱可逆添加分裂連鎖移転 (RAFT) デポリメリゼーションに匹敵する.
  • 軽い温度で有害な副作用を排除した.
  • 銅と鉄の触媒で,塩素とブロミン末端のポリマーの両方の脱ポリマー化が成功していることが実証されています.
  • 1グラムまで成功しました.

結論:

  • ICARのデポリメリゼーションは,ATRPポリマーの低温化学的リサイクルに広く適用可能な効率的なアプローチを提供します.
  • この方法は,エネルギー投入を削減し,収穫量を向上させることで持続可能性を高めます.
  • ICARデポリメリゼーションは,堅牢で,多用途で,様々なATRPシステムと互換性があります.