断続的な断食は臓器間のコミュニケーションを誘発し,毛皮の再生を抑制する
Han Chen1, Chao Liu2, Shiyao Cui2
1College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China; School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China.
Cell
|December 14, 2024
まとめ
断続的な断食は,活性化毛胞幹細胞 (HFSCs) のアポトーシスを引き起こすことで毛胞再生を阻害する. この断食による効果は,臓器間の伝達と自由脂肪酸の放出によって媒介され,組織再生に影響を与えます.
科学分野:
- 幹細胞生物学
- 組織再生
- 内分泌学
背景:
- 断続的な断食 (IF) は健康上の利点のために人気がありますが,幹細胞と組織修復に対する効果は不明です.
- ヘアフォリクル幹細胞 (HFSC) は,髪の再生に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- 断続的な断食が毛皮再生とHFSCに与える影響を調査する.
- IFによって引き起こされる組織再生の阻害の根本的なメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- IF療法がHFSCに与える影響について,in vivoおよびin vitroで調査した.
- 副腎と皮膚脂肪細胞の 交響を含む 分子信号伝達経路を分析した
- ランダム化臨床試験 (NCT05800730) を実施した.
主要な成果:
- 断続的な断食は,カロリー摂取やmTORC1にかかわらず,活性化されたHFSCでアポトーシスを誘発する.
- 禁食は副腎と皮膚の脂肪細胞の交響を誘発し 脂肪酸の放出につながります
- これはHFSCの代謝を妨害し,反応性酸素種を増やし,酸化的損傷を引き起こし,ヒトの髪の成長を阻害する.
結論:
- 断続的な断食は,活性化されたHFSCを選択的に排除することによって,毛胞の再生を阻害します.
- 臓器間のコミュニケーションは 栄養不足の時に 組織の再生を止める上で 重要な役割を果たします
- 研究結果は,栄養素の利用可能性と幹細胞の機能と組織修復を結びつける新しいメカニズムを明らかにしています.
関連する概念動画
01:24Metabolic States of the Body: Fasting and Starvation
1.1K
During the initial hours of fasting, the body uses up its glycogen stores as an energy source. Once these glycogen reserves are depleted, the body begins breaking down stored triglycerides and structural proteins. During this stage, glycerol becomes a key substrate for gluconeogenesis, while free fatty acids undergo beta-oxidation to provide energy for tissues, such as skeletal muscle. In the fasting state, the body spares protein breakdown as much as possible to conserve muscle and structural...
1.1K
01:18Metabolic States of the Body: The Postabsorptive State
247
The postabsorptive state usually starts about four hours after a meal and lasts until the next meal is eaten. During this time, the digestive system stops absorbing nutrients, and the body uses stored energy reserves to maintain stable blood glucose levels.
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
Initially, glycogen stored in the liver is broken down to release glucose into the bloodstream, while glycogen in the muscles is broken down to supply glucose for energy directly within the muscle cells. As glycogen stores diminish,...
247
01:16Hormones Regulating Blood Glucose
3.1K
Insulin is released by beta cells of the pancreas when blood glucose levels are high. It facilitates glucose absorption and utilization in insulin-dependent cells with insulin receptors on their plasma membranes. Insulin promotes glucose uptake by increasing the number of glucose transport proteins in the cell membrane, allowing glucose to enter the cell. As a result, glucose utilization and ATP production are enhanced.
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
In addition to accelerating glucose uptake and utilization, insulin has...
3.1K
01:06Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell
3.4K
A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
3.4K
01:15Hypoglycemia and Glucagon
150
Without prolonged fasting, healthy individuals maintain blood glucose levels above 3.5 mM due to a well-adapted neuroendocrine counterregulatory system that effectively prevents acute hypoglycemia, a potentially life-threatening condition. The primary clinical scenarios for hypoglycemia encompass diabetes treatment, inappropriate production of endogenous insulin or insulin-like substances by tumors, and the use of glucose-lowering agents in non-diabetic individuals. Notably, hypoglycemia in the...
150
01:22Target Cell Response to Hormones
2.9K
Hormones intricately bind to receptors on the surface or within target cells, initiating a cascade of cellular responses.
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
Notably, the cellular response can be regulated by altering the number of receptors expressed in the cell. For example, prolonged exposure to elevated hormone levels results in a gradual decline or down-regulation in the number of receptors for that specific hormone on the cell surface. Conversely, in response to low hormone levels, cells may use up-regulation, producing an...
2.9K