古代の構造変異は,核桃とヒコリの性別の開花時間変異を制御する
Jeffrey S Groh1,2, Diane C Vik1, Matthew Davis3
1Department of Evolution and Ecology, University of California, Davis, CA, USA.
まとめ
ウォールナッツとヒコリの性繁殖戦略は 古代のDNAポリモルフィズムによって形成され 花の順番を制御しています 3700万年以上前のこれらの遺伝的メカニズムは 植物の保存された遺伝パターンを明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 進化生物学
- 植物遺伝学
- 生殖戦略
背景:
- 交配型ポリモルフィズムでは 性繁殖に関する洞察が得られる.
- ユグランツ (Juglans) やヒコリー (Carya) のようなユグランツ科のハーマフロディット植物には,異性交がある (雄と雌の花の順序は1:1の二形態である).
研究 の 目的:
- Juglandaceaeの異性婚の根底にある遺伝的メカニズムをマッピングする.
- これらの生殖戦略の進化史と保存を調査する.
主な方法:
- メンデルの遺伝メカニズムを古代の構造的なDNAポリモルフィズムにマッピングする.
- ジャグランスとキャリアの遺伝子発現とDNA配列の分析
主要な成果:
- 古代のDNAポリモルフィズム (>3700万年) と関連した2つの異なるメンデルの遺伝メカニズムが特定されました.
- Juglansでは,シス遺伝子の発現に影響を与える,トリハロース-6-リン酸代謝遺伝子の3' UTRのタンデムリピートと関連しています.
- カリア・ロカスには約20の合成遺伝子が含まれており,性染色体のような進化のサインを示しています.
結論:
- ヘテロディコガミーの遺伝的メカニズムは古代の系統に深く保存されています.
- これらのメカニズムは保存されている間,性決定プロセスに類似して時折ターンオーバーを受けることができます.
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