垂体内分泌細胞による直接の光受容は,ホルモン放出と色素化を調節する
Ayaka Fukuda1, Keita Sato2, Chika Fujimori1
1Department of Marine Bioscience, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
まとめ
研究者達は メダカ魚の pituitary 細胞が 短波の光に反応し ホルモンの放出を誘発することを発見しました この光誘導経路はOpn5mを含み,魚を紫外線から保護する可能性があります.
科学分野:
- 内分泌学
- 光生物学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 非視覚光受容体は様々な臓器でますます多く見られ,その機能に関する研究が進められています.
- 光媒介反応における垂体腺の役割は完全に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- メダカ魚の pituitary 腺からの光誘発ホルモン放出を調査する.
- この反応に関与する分子機構と光受容体を特定する.
主な方法:
- カルシウム (Ca2+) イメージングは,下垂体メラノトロフの細胞内Ca2+ レベルをモニタリングするために使用されました.
- 光反応におけるその役割を評価するために,Opn5m遺伝子をノックアウトした.
- 皮膚におけるメラノゲネシスとチロシナーゼの発現を分析した.
主要な成果:
- メダカの垂体メラノトロフは,短波光にさらされると細胞内Ca2+が増加した.
- この光誘発 Ca2+ 反応を媒介する重要な分子として,タンパク質 Opn5m が特定されました.
- Opn5mの機能の障害は,チロシナーゼ発現の低下による皮膚のメラノゲネシスの減少につながった.
結論:
- 下垂体メラノトロフは 短波の光を直接感知し 新しいホルモン放出経路を 始めます
- 垂体にあるこの光感知メカニズムは,メダカの紫外線保護に役割を果たす可能性があります.
- Opn5mは pituitaryの光反応を媒介し,皮膚の色素化に影響を与えるために重要です.
関連する概念動画
Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
5.6K
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category,...
5.6K
Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light
20.1K
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
20.1K
The Retina
67.5K
The retina is a layer of nervous tissue at the back of the eye that transduces light into neural signals. This process, called phototransduction, is carried out by rod and cone photoreceptor cells in the back of the retina.
67.5K
The Pineal Gland
1.6K
The pineal gland, a diminutive endocrine structure named for its pinecone-shaped appearance, is situated atop the third ventricle within the diencephalon region of the forebrain. This gland, composed of secretory cells known as pinealocytes arranged in compact cords and clusters around dense particles of calcium salts, plays a pivotal role in hormonal regulation.
The primary secretion of the pineal gland is the hormone melatonin, derived from serotonin. The concentration of melatonin in the...
The primary secretion of the pineal gland is the hormone melatonin, derived from serotonin. The concentration of melatonin in the...
1.6K
Biological Clocks and Seasonal Responses
34.6K
The circadian—or biological—clock is an intrinsic, timekeeping, molecular mechanism that allows plants to coordinate physiological activities over 24-hour cycles called circadian rhythms. Photoperiodism is a collective term for the biological responses of plants to variations in the relative lengths of dark and light periods. The period of light-exposure is called the photoperiod.
34.6K
Channel Rhodopsins
2.5K
Most organisms use photoreceptors to sense and respond to light. Examples of photoreceptors include bacteriorhodopsins and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria, phytochromes in plants, and rhodopsins in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebral retina. The light-sensitive property of these receptors is because of the bound chromophores, such as bilin in the phytochromes and retinal in the rhodopsins.
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
Rhodopsins belong to the family of cell surface proteins called G-protein coupled receptors,...
2.5K


