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関連する概念動画

General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

5.2K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
5.2K
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

75.6K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
75.6K
Transcription01:17

Transcription

19.7K
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA sequence by RNA polymerase. It is the first step in producing a protein from a gene sequence. Additionally, many other proteins and regulatory sequences are involved in correctly synthesizing messenger RNA (mRNA). Transcriptional regulation is responsible for the differentiation of different types of cells and often for the proper cellular response to environmental signals.
Transcription Can Produce Different Kinds of RNA Molecules
In eukaryotes,...
19.7K
Transcription Elongation Factors02:35

Transcription Elongation Factors

10.7K
Transcription elongation is a dynamic process that alters depending upon the sequence heterogeneity of the DNA being transcribed. Hence, it is not surprising that the elongation complex's composition also varies along the way while transcribing a gene.
The transcription elongation is regulated via pausing of RNA polymerase on several occasions during transcription. In bacteria, these halts are necessary because the transcription of DNA into mRNA is coupled to the translation of that mRNA...
10.7K
Eukaryotic Transcription Activators02:42

Eukaryotic Transcription Activators

10.9K
Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
10.9K
Transcription Initiation01:47

Transcription Initiation

16.2K
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
16.2K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
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Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation

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ヒトの細胞種間の転写の基本モデル

Xi Fu1,2, Shentong Mo3,4, Alejandro Buendia5

  • 1Program of Mathematical Genomics, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. xf2217@cumc.columbia.edu.

Nature
|January 8, 2025
PubMed
まとめ

新しい計算モデルである一般発現トランスフォーマー (GET) は,配列とクロマチンのアクセシビリティデータのみを使用して,多様なヒト細胞の遺伝子発現を正確に予測します. この突破は遺伝子調節と 転写因子の相互作用の理解を高めています

さらに関連する動画

Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA
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Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA

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Enhanced Yeast One-hybrid Screens To Identify Transcription Factor Binding To Human DNA Sequences
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Enhanced Yeast One-hybrid Screens To Identify Transcription Factor Binding To Human DNA Sequences

Published on: February 11, 2019

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Jun 3, 2025

Real-time Analysis of Transcription Factor Binding, Transcription, Translation, and Turnover to Display Global Events During Cellular Activation
12:54

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Published on: March 7, 2018

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Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA
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Single-Molecule Imaging of EWS-FLI1 Condensates Assembling on DNA

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Enhanced Yeast One-hybrid Screens To Identify Transcription Factor Binding To Human DNA Sequences
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科学分野:

  • ゲノミクス
  • コンピューター生物学
  • 分子生物学

背景:

  • 転写制御は生物学的プロセスに不可欠ですが,現在の計算モデルでは,細胞の種類や条件にわたって一般化することが困難です.
  • 遺伝子発現を正確に予測するには,規制配列とタンパク質の複雑な相互作用を理解する必要があります.

研究 の 目的:

  • GET (一般表現トランスフォーマー) を導入し,ヒトの細胞タイプにわたる規制文法を明らかにするための解釈可能な基礎モデルです.
  • 遺伝子発現を予測し,規制ネットワークを推論するための一般化可能な計算モデルを開発する.

主な方法:

  • GETモデルの入力としてクロマチンのアクセシビリティデータとシーケンス情報を利用した.
  • 213種類のヒトの胎児と成人の細胞の間でGETを訓練し,評価し,遺伝子発現,調節活動,転写因子の相互作用を予測するパフォーマンスを評価した.
  • レンチウイルスベースの大量並列レポーターアッセイを使用して,既存のモデルと比較した.

主要な成果:

  • GETは新しい細胞タイプでも遺伝子発現を予測する実験レベルの精度を達成しました.
  • 異なるシーケンシングプラットフォームとアッセイで適応性を示した.
  • 以前のモデルでは特定されなかった遠隔の調節領域と,白血病リスクに関連した新しい転写因子相互作用を発見した.

結論:

  • GETは,一般化可能で正確なトランスクリプションの基礎モデルを提供し,現在の方法よりも優れています.
  • このモデルは,遺伝子調節と転写因子の相互作用の細胞型特有のカタログの作成を可能にします.
  • GETは様々な生物学的文脈で遺伝子調節を研究する能力を向上させます.