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Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

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Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
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Crossing Over01:30

Crossing Over

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Crossing over is the exchange of genetic information between homologous chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis I. Genetic recombination gives rise to allelic diversity in the newly formed daughter cells. In humans, crossing over produces genetically distinct haploid egg and sperm cells that undergo fertilization to produce unique offspring. Before cell division starts, the germ cell’s chromosome(s) undergo duplication in the S phase of the cell cycle. As the cells enter prophase I,...
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Gene Conversion02:08

Gene Conversion

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Other than maintaining genome stability via DNA repair, homologous recombination plays an important role in diversifying the genome. In fact, the recombination of sequences forms the molecular basis of genomic evolution. Random and non-random permutations of genomic sequences create a library of new amalgamated sequences. These newly formed genomes can determine the fitness and survival of cells. In bacteria, homologous and non-homologous types of recombination lead to the evolution of new...
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Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

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The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
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Dihybrid Crosses01:18

Dihybrid Crosses

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Overview
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Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

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The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
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Updated: May 31, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
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Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila

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完全なヒト再結合マップ

Gunnar Palsson1, Marteinn T Hardarson1,2, Hakon Jonsson1

  • 1deCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.

Nature
|January 22, 2025
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

現在の人間の再結合マップには,非交差 (NCO) イベントが含まれており,メオシスの性別の違いが明らかになっています. NCOのこの新しい理解は,集団の歴史,自然選択,そして新しい変異の研究に影響を与えます.

さらに関連する動画

Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
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Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: May 31, 2025

Recombineering Homologous Recombination Constructs in Drosophila
14:23

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Published on: July 13, 2013

19.2K
Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors
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Subcloning Plus Insertion SPI - A Novel Recombineering Method for the Rapid Construction of Gene Targeting Vectors

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Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction
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Identification of Homologous Recombination Events in Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells Using Southern Blotting and Polymerase Chain Reaction

Published on: November 20, 2018

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科学分野:

  • 遺伝学
  • 人口遺伝学
  • ゲノミクス

背景:

  • 人間の再結合マップは遺伝学の研究に不可欠ですが,伝統的に非交差 (NCO) イベントを省略しています.
  • 主要な再結合形態であるNCOを検出することは困難で,包括的な地図作成を制限しています.

研究 の 目的:

  • クロスオーバー (CO) と ノンクロスオーバー (NCO) の両方を含む完全な性別ヒト再結合マップを開発する.
  • 半減期における性差異におけるNCOの役割,デノボ変異率,およびその母親の年齢との関係を調査する.

主な方法:

  • 家族からの全ゲノム配列データを利用して,親から子孫へのNCO伝播を推定した.
  • NCOとCOデータを統合することで,包括的な再結合マップを導き出しました.

主要な成果:

  • 性別別別別の再結合マップを確立し,母親は父親より少ないがより長いNCOを持っていることを明らかにしました.
  • 証明されたNCOはセントロメアでより多く存在し,特に母親の年齢が増加するにつれて,デノボ変異に大きく寄与する.
  • 観察されたNCOの蓄積は,母親の年齢によって制御されません.

結論:

  • 交差しない現象は人間の遺伝的多様性と進化を理解するために不可欠です.
  • NCOはメオシスにおける有意な性別の違いを強調し,母親のNCOは卵細胞保護と関連している可能性がある.
  • 発見は,変異過程と集団遺伝学における再結合の役割を再評価することを必要とします.