高度な成績を収めた人達の間で人種間の教育格差を測定する
Uditi Karna1, Min Sok Lee2, John A List3,4,5
1Department of Economics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|February 12, 2025
まとめ
3年生までには存在し,特に女子生徒の場合は少し広がっています. 社会経済的な地位と学校環境は このギャップの一部を説明し,政策は最小限の影響を及ぼします.
科学分野:
- 教育の格差
- 学業成績のギャップ
- 教育における人種的格差
背景:
- 平均的な人種差異や 苦労している生徒に 焦点を当てれば 教育の分類ができます
- 優秀なマイノリティの生徒は 見過ごされることがあります
- 限られた証拠は"人種的卓越性ギャップ"とその進化を体系的に測定します.
研究 の 目的:
- 人種差の大きさと進化を測るため
- 学生の背景とギャップの安定性を結びつけるため
- 人種差異に対する公共政策の有効性を評価する.
主な方法:
- 州全体の行政データを利用した.
- 3年生から高校生まで追跡した
- 卓越性のギャップに関する8つの重要な事実を文書化しました.
主要な成果:
- 数学と読書の成績のギャップは 3年生までに明らかになり 時間が経つにつれて少しずつ増加します
- 女性生徒のギャップはより顕著に増加しています.
- 社会経済的な地位が差の3分の"を説明し 学校環境が差の10分の"を説明しています
- 優秀なマイノリティの学生は 高い成績を維持する確率が低いのです
結論:
- 社会的・経済的要因や学校環境の影響で 人種差は早期に出現し 持続します
- 現在の国の説明責任政策は,これらのギャップを減らす上で最小限の影響を及ぼします.
- 教育の平等と機会の確保には 人種差の解消が不可欠です
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