関連する実験動画
Updated: May 28, 2025
06:16
Cryosectioning Method for Microdissection of Murine Colonic Mucosa
Published on: July 12, 2015
17.3K
ストレスセンサーのトポロジカル分離は,腸クリプト-ヴィルス軸に沿って
Kouki K Touhara1, Nathan D Rossen2,3, Fei Deng4,5
1Department of Physiology, University of California San Franscisco, San Francisco, CA, USA. Koki.Tohara@ucsf.edu.
Nature
|February 12, 2025
まとめ
腸内膜のエンテロクロマフィン (EC) 細胞は,位置によって異なる役割を持っています. クリプトEC細胞はTRPA1経由で刺激物質を感知し,ウィルスEC細胞はTRPM2経由で酸化ストレスを検知し,腸を保護する.
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科
- 細胞生物学
- 神経科学
背景:
- 小腸のクリプト・ヴィルス構造は 重要な障壁を形成します
- エントロクロマフィン (EC) 細胞は,この障壁内の重要な感覚細胞です.
- クリプト細胞とビルス細胞の機能ははっきりしていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 異なる刺激の検出と,クリプトとビルスEC細胞の生理学的反応を調査する.
- 腸壁の監視と保護の仕組みを明らかにする.
主な方法:
- セロトニン放出をリアルタイムで測定するためのレポーターマウスモデルの開発.
- 生きた腸におけるセロトニンの放出と増殖の定量分析
- EC細胞シグナル伝達におけるTRPA1とTRPM2チャネルの関与の調査.
主要な成果:
- 暗号EC細胞はTRPA1を使用してイオン分泌 (5-HT4受容体) を調節し,感覚神経 (5-HT3受容体) を活性化します.
- 刺激物質によるTRPA1の活性化は,粘液層の破損によって強化される.
- ウィルスのEC細胞は,酸化ストレスでセロトニンとATPを放出し,感覚神経を刺激するためにTRPM2を使用します.
結論:
- 腸構造に沿ったEC細胞機能のトポロジカル分離は,専門的な監視を提供します.
- この機能的区分は様々な条件下で腸の整合性を維持するために重要です.
- 異なるEC細胞反応は,様々な光と環境からの効果的な腸内保護を保証します.
関連する概念動画
01:23Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells
2.5K
The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
2.5K
01:27Histology of the Small Intestine
444
The small intestine exhibits a unique histological structure that significantly enhances its function in digestion and nutrient absorption. These structures include circular folds, villi, and various specialized cells that collectively facilitate the digestion of food.
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
The intestinal lining features transverse folds called circular folds, each housing fingerlike projections known as intestinal villi. These villi are covered by a layer of simple columnar epithelium, also referred to as...
444
01:22Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.2K
Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
2.2K
01:12Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal
2.0K
Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
2.0K