植物病原菌は保存された酵素エフェクターでフォスファートシグナルをハイジャックする
Carl L McCombe1, Alex Wegner2, Louisa Wirtz2
1Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
まとめ
病原菌は,イノシトール・パイロフォスファート (PP-InsP) を水解することによって,植物リン酸感知をハイジャックする. この操作はリン酸飢餓シグナルを誘発し 植物における真菌疾患の症状を高めます
科学分野:
- 分子植物病原体相互作用
- キノコ病原性
- 植物 の 信号 経路
背景:
- 非有機リン酸 (Pi) は植物にとって不可欠であり,その利用可能性はイノシトール・パイロリン酸 (PP-InsP) レベルによって感知される.
- 植物細胞には成長と発達に不可欠なリン酸のレベルを監視する保存されたメカニズムがあります.
研究 の 目的:
- 病原菌,特にマグナポルテ (Magnaporthe) とコレトトリキュム (Colletotrichum) が 植物におけるリン酸感知をどのように操作するかを調査する.
- 菌類のエフェクタが植物Piホメオスタシスに干渉する分子メカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 病原菌からの保存されたヌディックスヒドローラゼエフェクタルの構造と酵素分析.
- マグナポルテ・オライゼ (Magnaporthe oryzae) と コレトリチウム・ヒギンシアン (Colletotrichum higginsianum) と コレトリチウム・グラミニコラ (Colletotrichum graminicola) の遺伝子消去実験
- PP-InsPの水解と植物性リン酸飢餓シグナルの誘導
主要な成果:
- * マグナポルテ * と * コレトトリクム * の保存されたヌディックス・ヒドローラゼエフェクター族は,PP-InsPを選択的に水解する.
- これらのNudixエフェクターを除去すると,複数の植物・キノコ病理系における疾患症状が著しく減少します.
- これらの真菌エフェクターは,植物性リン酸飢餓シグナルを誘発することが示された.
結論:
- 病原菌は保存された 分子戦略を用いて 植物内のリン酸感知経路を 乗っ取ります
- 菌類のヌディックス・ヒドロラーゼエフェクターは,PP-InsPを水解し,それによって植物Piホメオスタシスを操作することによって,病気を促進します.
- このメカニズムは,複数の植物病原菌によって使用される重要な毒性戦略を表しています.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
Phosphorylation
49.7K
The addition or removal of phosphate groups from proteins is the most common chemical modification that regulates cellular processes. These modifications can affect the structure, activity, stability, and localization of proteins within cells as well as their interactions with other proteins.
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
During phosphorylation, protein kinases transfer the terminal phosphate group of ATP to specific amino acid side chains of substrate proteins. Serine, threonine, and tyrosine are the most commonly...
49.7K
Cell Signaling in Plants
5.6K
Plant cells communicate to coordinate their cycle of growth, flowering and fruiting, and activities in roots, shoots, and leaves in response to the changing environmental conditions. Plant signaling is distinct from animal signaling. Plants primarily utilize enzyme-linked receptors, whereas the largest class of cell-surface receptors in animals are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Unlike animals, receptor tyrosine kinases are rare in plants. Instead, plants have a diverse class of...
5.6K
Protein Kinases and Phosphatases
13.0K
Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
Protein kinases
Many proteins in the cell are regulated by phosphorylation, the addition of a phosphate group. A family of enzymes called kinases...
13.0K
Defenses Against Pathogens and Herbivores
22.9K
Plants present a rich source of nutrients for many organisms, making it a target for herbivores and infectious agents. Plants, though lacking a proper immune system, have developed an array of constitutive and inducible defenses to fend off these attacks.
22.9K
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores
12.9K
Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
12.9K
Amplifying Signals via Enzymatic Cascade
8.2K
When a ligand binds to a cell-surface receptor, the receptor's intracellular domain changes shape, which may either activate its enzyme function or allow its binding to other molecules. The initial signal is amplified by most signal transduction pathways. This means that a single ligand molecule can activate multiple molecules of a downstream target. Proteins that relay a signal are most commonly phosphorylated at one or more sites, activating or inactivating the protein. Kinases catalyze...
8.2K


