質量輸送依存C−C結合形成
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
These videos have been matched automatically. Contact us if they are not relevant.
PubMedで要約を見る
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。二酸化炭素の電還元における多炭素選択性には影響しない. しかし,濃度が高い水素酸塩は,弱い水素酸塩とは異なり,CO減少選択性を阻害する.
科学分野
- 電気化学
- 材料科学
- カタリシス
背景
- 炭酸二酸化炭素と炭酸二酸化炭素の電還元における多炭素 (C2+) 選択性に影響することが知られている.
- 以前の研究では,しばしばH細胞構成を用いたが,カチオンサイズ効果が示唆されているが,質量輸送の制限は,特にCOの減少のために,発見を歪める可能性がある.
研究 の 目的
- ガス拡散電極 (GDE) 型フロー電解剤を用いて,CO電還元におけるC2+選択性に対する電解質のイデントの影響を調査する.
- CO電還元メカニズムにおけるカチオンの水分化と濃縮の役割を明確にする.
主な方法
- 質量輸送の制限を最小限に抑えるために,GDE型フロー電解器を使用した.
- アルカリケーションの同一性 (Li+,Na+,K+,Cs+) と電解質の濃度が体系的に変化した.
- 分析されたC2+製品の選択性とCO表面覆い
主要な成果
- 銅 (Cu) に対するC2+の選択性は,CO輸送の制限がない場合,アルカリケーションの同一性とは無関係であった.
- 濃度の高い水素化カチオン (例えば,Li+) は,CO還元過程でC2+の形成を阻害した.
- 弱い水分化カチオン (例えばK+) は,より高い濃度でもC2+の選択性を保持した.
- COの表面覆いは,低濃度ではカチオン同一性から大きく独立していたが,高濃度では強く依存していた.
結論
- CO電還元におけるC2+選択性に対するカチオン効果は,特に質量輸送の制限を最小限に抑える条件下で,単に同一性ではなく,主にカチオン水分化と濃度に関連しています.
- カチオン-電解質の相互作用を理解することは,価値あるマルチカーボン製品へのCO電還元を最適化するために不可欠です.
自動的に一致したビデオです Contact us もしそれらが関連していない場合
自動的に一致したビデオです Contact us もしそれらが関連していない場合
関連する概念動画
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
Borane as a reagent is very reactive, as the...
Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate. The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
The mechanism begins with the syn addition of a permanganate ion (MnO4−) across the same side of the alkene π bond, forming a cyclic manganate ester intermediate. Next, the hydrolysis of the cyclic ester with water gives a cis-diol...
Aldol condensation is an important route in synthetic organic chemistry used to generate a new carbon–carbon bond under basic or acidic conditions. The aldol condensation reaction presented in Figure 1 constitutes an aldol addition reaction followed by the dehydration process.
Figure 1. The general aldol addition reaction of aldehydes.
Aldol addition reactions are reversible and are of two types: self-addition and crossed-addition. Combining two identical carbonyl compounds is called...
Baeyer–Villiger oxidation converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids and ketones to esters. The reaction uses peroxy acids or peracids and is often catalyzed by acid. The reaction is named after its pioneers, Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger. The reaction is achieved by a wide range of peracids such as m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), perbenzoic acid (C6H5COOOH), peracetic acid (CH3COOOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH).
The carbonyl center is...
Wilhelm Rudolph Fittig discovered the pinacol coupling reaction in 1859. It is a radical dimerization reaction and involves the reductive coupling of aldehydes or ketones in the presence of hydrocarbon solvent to yield vicinal diols.
The radical reaction is initiated by a single electron transfer from metals like sodium and magnesium to a spin-paired molecule like aldehydes or ketones to generate a ketyl—a radical anion. The ketyl has a radical character on the carbon atom and a charge...
Similar to water, alcohols can add to the carbonyl carbon of the aldehydes and ketones. The addition of one molecule of alcohol to the carbonyl compound forms the hemiacetal or half acetal. As depicted below, in a hemiacetal, the carbon is directly linked to an OH and OR group.
As alcohols are poor nucleophiles, the formation of hemiacetals is very slow under neutral conditions. The reaction rate is enhanced by using either basic or acidic reaction media.
The acid catalyst, such as sulfuric...